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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding duration and adenoid size, snoring and acute otitis media (AOM).
METHODS: We analyzed the medical history of children admitted to the ENT outpatient clinic in 2022 and 2023, reported symptoms, ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination, and flexible nasopharyngoscopy examination of 145 children aged 3-5 years.
RESULTS: Breastfeeding duration of 3 and 6 months or more had a significant effect on the reduction of snoring (p = 0.021; p = 0.039). However, it had no effect on the adenoid size, mucus coverage and sleeping with an open mouth. Snoring was correlated with open mouth sleeping (p < 0.001), adenoid size with a 75% A/C ratio or more (p < 0.001), and adenoid mucus coverage in the Mucus of Adenoid Scale by Nasopharyngoscopy Assessment-MASNA scale (p = 0.009). Children who were breastfed for less than 3 months had more than a four-fold greater risk of snoring. There was a statistically significant correlation between AOM and gender (p = 0.033), breastfeeding duration in groups fed 1, 3 or 6 months or more (p = 0.018; p = 0.004; p = 0.004) and those fed with mother\'s breast milk 3 or 6 months or more (p = 0.009; p = 0.010). Moreover, a correlation was found between adenoid size and mucus coverage, tympanogram, and open-mouth sleeping (p < 0.001). Independent factors of snoring in 3- to 5-year-old children were breastfeeding duration of less than 3 months (p = 0.032), adenoid size with an A/C ratio of 75% or more (p = 0.023) and open mouth sleeping (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Children breastfed for 3 and 6 months or more exhibited reduced rates of snoring. There was no effect of breastfeeding duration on adenoid size in children aged 3 to 5 years, suggesting that the link between breastfeeding duration and snoring is primarily associated with craniofacial development and muscle tone stimulation. A breastfeeding duration of 1 month or more plays a key role in reducing the rate of AOM. The mother\'s milk plays a protective role against AOM. The presence of mucus might be responsible for snoring in preschool children. A medical history of breastfeeding should be taken into consideration when snoring children are suspected of adenoid hypertrophy.
METHODS: We analyzed the medical history of children admitted to the ENT outpatient clinic in 2022 and 2023, reported symptoms, ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination, and flexible nasopharyngoscopy examination of 145 children aged 3-5 years.
RESULTS: Breastfeeding duration of 3 and 6 months or more had a significant effect on the reduction of snoring (p = 0.021; p = 0.039). However, it had no effect on the adenoid size, mucus coverage and sleeping with an open mouth. Snoring was correlated with open mouth sleeping (p < 0.001), adenoid size with a 75% A/C ratio or more (p < 0.001), and adenoid mucus coverage in the Mucus of Adenoid Scale by Nasopharyngoscopy Assessment-MASNA scale (p = 0.009). Children who were breastfed for less than 3 months had more than a four-fold greater risk of snoring. There was a statistically significant correlation between AOM and gender (p = 0.033), breastfeeding duration in groups fed 1, 3 or 6 months or more (p = 0.018; p = 0.004; p = 0.004) and those fed with mother\'s breast milk 3 or 6 months or more (p = 0.009; p = 0.010). Moreover, a correlation was found between adenoid size and mucus coverage, tympanogram, and open-mouth sleeping (p < 0.001). Independent factors of snoring in 3- to 5-year-old children were breastfeeding duration of less than 3 months (p = 0.032), adenoid size with an A/C ratio of 75% or more (p = 0.023) and open mouth sleeping (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Children breastfed for 3 and 6 months or more exhibited reduced rates of snoring. There was no effect of breastfeeding duration on adenoid size in children aged 3 to 5 years, suggesting that the link between breastfeeding duration and snoring is primarily associated with craniofacial development and muscle tone stimulation. A breastfeeding duration of 1 month or more plays a key role in reducing the rate of AOM. The mother\'s milk plays a protective role against AOM. The presence of mucus might be responsible for snoring in preschool children. A medical history of breastfeeding should be taken into consideration when snoring children are suspected of adenoid hypertrophy.
摘要：
背景：这项研究的目的是分析母乳喂养持续时间与腺样体大小之间的关系，打鼾和急性中耳炎（AOM）。
方法：我们分析了2022年和2023年在耳鼻喉科门诊就诊的儿童的病史，报告的症状，耳朵,鼻喉（ENT）检查，145名3-5岁儿童的柔性鼻咽镜检查。
结果：母乳喂养时间3和6个月或更长时间对减少打鼾有显着影响（p=0.021；p=0.039）。然而,它对腺样体大小没有影响，粘液覆盖和张开嘴睡觉。打鼾与张开嘴睡觉相关（p<0.001），腺样体大小与75%A/C比或更高（p<0.001），通过鼻咽镜检查评估-MASNA量表（p=0.009），腺样粘液在腺样粘液量表中的覆盖率。母乳喂养少于3个月的儿童打鼾的风险增加了四倍以上。AOM与性别之间存在统计学上显著的相关性(p=0.033),喂养1,3或6个月或更长时间的组(p=0.018;p=0.004;p=0.004)和母乳喂养3或6个月或更长时间的组(p=0.009;p=0.010)的母乳喂养持续时间.此外，腺样体大小和粘液覆盖率之间存在相关性，鼓室图,张开嘴睡觉（p<0.001）。3至5岁儿童打鼾的独立因素是母乳喂养时间少于3个月（p=0.032）。腺样体大小，A/C比为75％或以上（p=0.023），张开嘴睡觉（p=0.001）。
结论：母乳喂养3个月或6个月以上的儿童打鼾率降低。母乳喂养持续时间对3至5岁儿童的腺样体大小没有影响，这表明母乳喂养持续时间和打鼾之间的联系主要与颅面发育和肌肉张力刺激有关。母乳喂养1个月或更长时间对降低AOM的发生率起着关键作用。母乳对AOM具有保护作用。粘液的存在可能是学龄前儿童打鼾的原因。当怀疑打鼾儿童患有腺样体肥大时，应考虑母乳喂养的病史。
方法：我们分析了2022年和2023年在耳鼻喉科门诊就诊的儿童的病史，报告的症状，耳朵,鼻喉（ENT）检查，145名3-5岁儿童的柔性鼻咽镜检查。
结果：母乳喂养时间3和6个月或更长时间对减少打鼾有显着影响（p=0.021；p=0.039）。然而,它对腺样体大小没有影响，粘液覆盖和张开嘴睡觉。打鼾与张开嘴睡觉相关（p<0.001），腺样体大小与75%A/C比或更高（p<0.001），通过鼻咽镜检查评估-MASNA量表（p=0.009），腺样粘液在腺样粘液量表中的覆盖率。母乳喂养少于3个月的儿童打鼾的风险增加了四倍以上。AOM与性别之间存在统计学上显著的相关性(p=0.033),喂养1,3或6个月或更长时间的组(p=0.018;p=0.004;p=0.004)和母乳喂养3或6个月或更长时间的组(p=0.009;p=0.010)的母乳喂养持续时间.此外，腺样体大小和粘液覆盖率之间存在相关性，鼓室图,张开嘴睡觉（p<0.001）。3至5岁儿童打鼾的独立因素是母乳喂养时间少于3个月（p=0.032）。腺样体大小，A/C比为75％或以上（p=0.023），张开嘴睡觉（p=0.001）。
结论：母乳喂养3个月或6个月以上的儿童打鼾率降低。母乳喂养持续时间对3至5岁儿童的腺样体大小没有影响，这表明母乳喂养持续时间和打鼾之间的联系主要与颅面发育和肌肉张力刺激有关。母乳喂养1个月或更长时间对降低AOM的发生率起着关键作用。母乳对AOM具有保护作用。粘液的存在可能是学龄前儿童打鼾的原因。当怀疑打鼾儿童患有腺样体肥大时，应考虑母乳喂养的病史。
