PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The misuse of antibiotics in veterinary practices by farmers is harming livestock production and food safety and leading to the rise of antibiotic resistance (AMR). This can also transfer resistant bacteria from animals to humans, posing a serious public health threat. However, we have not paid enough attention to understanding how farmers behave in this regard. Our study aims to explore farmers\' behaviors and identify the factors that influence their choices. To conduct this study, we used a questionnaire with 40 questions and surveyed 208 farmers in Jhunjhunu district, Rajasthan. We analyzed the data using SPSS. Here are the key findings: About 58.3% of the farmers have some awareness of antibiotics, and 49.5% are aware of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Notably, as the level of education increases, so does awareness of antibiotics. Unfortunately, 63.9% of the farmers are not aware of the withdrawal time, and 64% have no idea about the presence of antibiotic residues during this period. Around 75% of farmers vaccinate their animals, but approximately 56.9% of individuals have never undergone an antibiotic sensitivity test (ABST) for milk. Around 48.6% of farmers are unaware of government testing centers. Several factors hinder farmers from implementing proper animal management practices, such as the high fees of veterinarians. When their animals become sick, their first choice is home remedies, followed by using old prescriptions. Additionally, 63.9% stop treatment once the animal looks better. A significant portion (83.8%) of farmers rely on local pharmacists for medicine. It has been determined that there is no significant correlation between education, experience, age, and the level of awareness concerning withdrawal periods, the existence of government antibiotic sensitivity test (ABST) centers, and entities responsible for sending samples for ABST. In our qualitative analysis, focus groups identified significant barriers to following best farm practices and spreading awareness about AMR. These findings suggest that addressing AMR in livestock requires a comprehensive approach. This should include targeted education and awareness programs for farmers, as well as improved access to veterinary services.
摘要：
农民在兽医实践中滥用抗生素正在损害畜牧业生产和食品安全，并导致抗生素耐药性（AMR）上升。这也可以将抗性细菌从动物转移到人类，构成严重的公共卫生威胁。然而,我们没有足够重视理解农民在这方面的行为。我们的研究旨在探索农民的行为，并确定影响他们选择的因素。为了进行这项研究，我们使用包含40个问题的问卷，调查了Jhunjhunu区的208名农民，拉贾斯坦邦.我们使用SPSS对数据进行了分析。以下是主要发现：大约58.3％的农民对抗生素有一定的认识，49.5%的人意识到抗菌药物耐药性(AMR)。值得注意的是,随着教育水平的提高，对抗生素的认识也是如此。不幸的是,63.9%的农民不知道退出时间,64%的人不知道在此期间是否存在抗生素残留。大约75%的农民为他们的动物接种疫苗，但约56.9%的个体从未接受过牛奶抗生素敏感性试验(ABST).大约48.6％的农民不知道政府检测中心。有几个因素阻碍农民实施适当的动物管理措施，比如兽医的高额费用。当他们的动物生病时，他们的第一选择是家庭疗法，然后使用旧的处方。此外,63.9%的人一旦动物看起来更好就停止治疗。很大一部分(83.8%)的农民依赖当地药剂师的药物。已经确定，教育之间没有显著的相关性，经验,年龄,以及对退出期的认识水平，政府抗生素敏感性测试(ABST)中心的存在，和负责发送ABST样品的实体。在我们的定性分析中，焦点小组确定了遵循最佳农场实践和传播AMR意识的重大障碍。这些发现表明，解决牲畜中的AMR需要一个全面的方法。这应该包括针对农民的有针对性的教育和意识计划，以及改善获得兽医服务的机会。
