PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) globally have undergone rapid urbanisation, and changes in demography and health behaviours. In Sri Lanka, cardio-vascular disease and diabetes are now leading causes of mortality. High prevalence of their risk factors, including hypertension, dysglycaemia and obesity have also been observed. Diet is a key modifiable risk factor for both cardio-vascular disease and diabetes as well as their risk factors. Although typically thought of as an environmental risk factor, dietary choice has been shown to be genetically influenced, and genes associated with this behaviour correlate with metabolic risk indicators. We used Structural Equation Model fitting to investigate the aetiology of dietary choices and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in COTASS, a population-based twin and singleton sample in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Participants completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire (N = 3934) which assessed frequency of intake of 14 food groups including meat, vegetables and dessert or sweet snacks. Anthropometric (N = 3675) and cardio-metabolic (N = 3477) phenotypes were also collected including weight, blood pressure, cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides. Frequency of consumption of most food items was found to be largely environmental in origin with both the shared and non-shared environmental influences indicated. Modest genetic influences were observed for some food groups (e.g. fruits and leafy greens). Cardio-metabolic phenotypes showed moderate genetic influences with some shared environmental influence for Body Mass Index, blood pressure and triglycerides. Overall, it seemed that shared environmental effects were more important for both dietary choices and cardio-metabolic phenotypes compared to populations in the Global North.
摘要：
全球低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)经历了快速城市化,以及人口统计和健康行为的变化。在斯里兰卡,心血管疾病和糖尿病是导致死亡的主要原因.他们的危险因素患病率高，包括高血压,血糖异常和肥胖也被观察到。饮食是心血管疾病和糖尿病及其危险因素的关键可改变的危险因素。虽然通常被认为是环境风险因素，饮食选择已被证明是受遗传影响的，与这种行为相关的基因与代谢风险指标相关。我们使用结构方程模型拟合来研究COTASS中饮食选择和心脏代谢表型的病因，科伦坡以人口为基础的双胞胎和单胎样本，斯里兰卡。参与者完成了食物频率问卷（N=3934），该问卷评估了包括肉类在内的14种食物的摄入频率。蔬菜和甜点或甜食。还收集了人体测量（N=3675）和心脏代谢（N=3477）表型，包括体重，血压,胆固醇,空腹血糖和甘油三酯。发现大多数食品的消费频率在很大程度上是环境来源的，并指出了共同和非共同的环境影响。对某些食物组（例如水果和绿叶蔬菜）观察到适度的遗传影响。心脏代谢表型显示中等遗传影响，对体重指数有一些共同的环境影响，血压和甘油三酯。总的来说,与全球北部地区的人群相比,共同的环境影响似乎对饮食选择和心脏代谢表型更为重要.
