PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The Neotropical orchid bee Euglossa dilemma was found to be naturalized in southern Florida in 2003, and, by 2022, it had colonized the southern half of Florida. Observations of the bee\'s collection of plant resources, primarily flowers, were made from 2003 through to 2022 to document its plant usage and understand the patterns of its plant usage. The bee utilized 259 plant taxa, 237 species, and 22 horticultural forms, in 156 genera and 56 families in 263 total uses. Of 247 taxa of flowers, 120 were visited primarily for nectar, 46 for both nectar and pollen, 60 for pollen, including 42 buzz-pollinated flowers, 15 for fragrance chemicals for the males, and 5 for resin rewards by females for nesting. Fragrance chemicals were also collected by males from the leaves of 12 plant species. These extensive resource use data allowed the following predictions to be made. (1) The bee\'s presence in Florida, distant from its native region of Mexico and Central America and the geographical ranges of other orchid bees, would result the usage of many new taxa of plants. True, half, 74/148 (50%), of the genera and one third, 16/51(31%), of the plant families of the plants with flowers used by the bee were not previously recorded as being utilized by Euglossine bees. (2) Like other naturalized bees, it would use relatively more plants from its native range or congeners of these plants. True, 113/148 (76%) of genera with species bearing collected floral rewards are native or congeners with species native to the bee\'s native range. (3) Given the bee\'s long tongue, ability to buzz pollen from poricidal anthers, and ability to collect and use specialized rewards, it would disproportionately use plants with protected or highly specialized floral rewards. True, 180/247 (72%) utilized species bear rewards which were protected and unavailable to, or of no interest to, most other flower visitors.
摘要：
新热带兰花蜜蜂Euglossa困境于2003年在佛罗里达州南部被归化，并且，到2022年，它已经殖民了佛罗里达州的南半部。观察蜜蜂收集的植物资源，主要是花,从2003年到2022年，用于记录其工厂使用情况并了解其工厂使用模式。蜜蜂利用了259个植物类群，237种，和22种园艺形式，在156属和56个家庭中，共有263个用途。在247个花类群中，120人主要是为了花蜜，46花蜜和花粉，60的花粉，包括42朵花，15男性的香料化学品，5为雌性筑巢的树脂奖励。雄性还从12种植物的叶子中收集了芳香化学物质。这些广泛的资源使用数据允许做出以下预测。(1)蜜蜂在佛罗里达的存在，远离墨西哥和中美洲的本土地区以及其他兰花蜜蜂的地理范围，会导致许多新的植物类群的使用。没错,一半，74/148（50%），属和三分之一，16/51（31%），蜜蜂使用的带有花的植物的植物家族中，以前没有记录为Euglossine蜜蜂使用。（2）像其他归化蜜蜂一样，它将使用相对更多的植物从其本地范围或同类这些植物。没错,113/148（76％）具有收集到的花卉奖励的属是蜜蜂本地范围内的本地或同类物种。（3）鉴于蜜蜂的长舌头，从杀孔花药蜂鸣花粉的能力，以及收集和使用专门奖励的能力，它会不成比例地使用具有受保护或高度专业化的花卉奖励的植物。没错,180/247（72％）使用了受保护且不可用的物种熊奖励，或者不感兴趣，大多数其他花卉游客。
