Abstract：
SARS-CoV-2 is the agent responsible for the global pandemic sickness, COVID-19. It is an enveloped virus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae. Recent studies have revealed the fecal shedding of the virus and have been found to enter wastewater and aquatic systems. Prolonged viral presence in fecal samples is a common observation in the reported literature. Survival of the virus in the recipient environment could be a crucial factor that influences its fecal-oral transmission. The detection of a novel coronavirus in wastewater opportunity has potential for environmental surveillance at the community or population level. Such a surveillance system can enable the early detection of disease outbreaks in zones with pre-symptomatic/asymptomatic patients and act as a complementary tool for continuous monitoring of quarantine zones. In contrast to developed regions, resource constraints in underdeveloped communities coupled with different sanitation settings may pose a challenge to wastewater sampling and surveillance. To begin, this review summarizes the literature on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in feces. The approaches for viral extraction, concentration, and detection in wastewater matrices are then highlighted. Finally, investigations on wastewater-based epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance are reviewed.
摘要：
SARS-CoV-2是导致全球大流行疾病的病原体，COVID-19。它是一种包膜病毒，属于冠状病毒科。最近的研究揭示了病毒的粪便脱落，并已发现进入废水和水生系统。粪便样品中病毒的长期存在是报道文献中的常见观察结果。病毒在受体环境中的存活可能是影响其粪便-口腔传播的关键因素。在废水中检测到新型冠状病毒的机会具有在社区或人口层面进行环境监测的潜力。这种监测系统可以在有症状前/无症状患者的地区早期发现疾病暴发，并作为持续监测隔离区的补充工具。与发达地区相比，不发达社区的资源限制加上不同的卫生设施可能对废水采样和监测构成挑战。开始,这篇综述总结了有关粪便中SARS-CoV-2存在的文献。病毒提取的方法，浓度,然后突出了废水基质中的检测。最后,综述了用于SARS-CoV-2监测的废水流行病学调查。
