Abstract：
Background: There is no report on the relationship between congenital malformation of the outer ear and hearing, which makes it possible to predict the hearing level just based on microtia grades.Aims/Objectives: To investigate the correlation between two types of congenital malformation of the outer ear [microtia and Outer Ear Canal Malformation (OECM)] and hearing, as well as the interrelationship among all three variables.Material and methods: A total of 535 cases (598 ears) of congenital malformation of the middle and outer ear (CMMOE) with hearing data, out of which 319 cases (349 ears) microtia with available images and graded by I-V, 449 cases (482 ears) OECM graded by atresia, stenosis and normal, and 87 cases (87 ears) OEC atresia graded I-IV, 301 cases (301 ears) with materials of microtia, OECM and hearing at the same time were carried out correlation analysis. The Average Air-Conduction Threshold of pure tone (AACT) at 0.5-4 KHz was calculated corresponding to the ears with different malformation grades. The differences in AACT among different malformation grades, the correlation between malformation severity and AACT, as well as the relationship among microtia, OECM and AACT were analyzed. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare the differences in AACT, Kendall\'s tau-b rank correlation coefficient test was used for correlation analysis. A statistical significance level of p < 0 .05 was applied.Results: Among the 349 ears with microtia, the corresponding AACT values for grades I to V were 61.6, 63.0, 69.9, 75.4, and 75.0 (dB HL), respectively. Comparing grade III to grades II or IV, both p < 0 .05. However, p > 0 .05 between grade I and II or between grade IV and V. The correlation coefficient between microtia grades and AACT r = 0.219, p < 0.05. Among the 482 ears of OECM, the distribution was as follows: 73.6% atresia, 19.1% stenosis, and 7.3% normal, the corresponding AACT values were 64.1, 61.7, and 52.5 (dB HL), respectively. Comparing normal to stenosis or atresia, both p < 0.05, while between atresia and stenosis p > 0.05. The correlation between OECM and AACT was r = 0.104, p < 0.05. The AACT values corresponding to grades I to IV of OEC atresia in the 87 ears were 59.9, 65.1, 71.1, and 64.1 (dB HL), respectively. Comparing these grades, all p > 0.05. The correlation between the degree of atresia and AACT r = 0.23, p < 0 .05. The correlation coefficients for 301 ears microtia to OECM, microtia to AACT, OECM to AACT were r = 0.339, r = 0.163 and r = 0.128 respectively, with all p < 0 .05.Conclusion and significance: There are positive correlations among the degree of microtia, degree of OECM, and AACT values for each other, and so between the degree of OEC atresia and AACT, suggesting that as the severity of microtia or OECM increased, the AACT also tended to be higher, which make it possible to predict the hearing level and the degree of OECM based on microtia grades in clinical practice. Additionally, there are significant differences in AACT values in microtia grade III to grades II or IV, OEC normal to stenosis or atresia, while no differences in microtia grade I to II and grade IV to V, OEC stenosis to atresia, and among the grades I-IV of the OEC atresia.
摘要：
背景:目前尚无关于先天性外耳畸形与听力关系的报道,这使得仅根据小生症等级来预测听力水平成为可能。目的/目的:探讨两种先天性外耳畸形[小耳畸形和外耳道畸形(OECM)]与听力的相关性,以及这三个变量之间的相互关系。材料与方法:共535例(598耳)有听力资料的先天性中外耳畸形(CMMOE),其中319例（349耳）小视症有可用的图像，并通过I-V分级，449例（482耳）OECM按闭锁分级，狭窄和正常，87例（87耳）OEC闭锁I-IV级，301例（301耳）有小耳材料，同时对OECM和听力进行相关性分析。计算对应于具有不同畸形等级的耳朵的在0.5-4KHz下的纯音平均空气传导阈值(AACT)。不同畸形等级之间AACT的差异，畸形严重程度与AACT的相关性，以及microtia之间的关系，分析OECM和AACT。采用单向方差分析(ANOVA)比较AACT的差异，相关分析采用Kendall的tau-b秩相关系数检验。采用统计学显著性水平p<0.05。结果：在349只耳朵中，等级I至V的相应AACT值分别为61.6、63.0、69.9、75.4和75.0(dBHL)，分别。将三级与二级或四级进行比较，两者p<0.05。然而,I级和II级之间或IV级和V级之间的p>0.05。小骨症等级与AACT之间的相关系数r=0.219，p<0.05。在OECM的482只耳朵中，分布如下：73.6%闭锁，19.1％狭窄，和7.3%正常，相应的AACT值分别为64.1、61.7和52.5(dBHL)，分别。比较正常狭窄或闭锁，两者p<0.05，而闭锁和狭窄之间p>0.05。OECM与AACT的相关性为r=0.104,p<0.05。对应于87耳OEC闭锁I至IV级的AACT值分别为59.9、65.1、71.1和64.1(dBHL)，分别。比较这些等级，所有p>0.05。闭锁程度与AACT的相关性r=0.23,p<0.05。301耳微观结构与OECM的相关系数，mictia到AACT，OECM对AACT的影响分别为r=0.339，r=0.163和r=0.128，所有p<0.05。结论及意义:小耳畸形程度呈正相关,OECM的程度，和彼此的AACT值，因此，在OEC闭锁程度和AACT之间，这表明，随着microtia或OECM的严重程度增加，AACT也倾向于更高，这使得在临床实践中可以根据microtia等级来预测听力水平和OECM程度。此外,III级到II级或IV级的AACT值存在显着差异，OEC正常狭窄或闭锁，虽然小生症I至II级和IV至V级没有差异，OEC狭窄至闭锁，以及OEC闭锁的I-IV级。
