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Abstract：
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a substantial public health safety concern drawing considerable attention in China and globally. The detection of HBV serological markers can enable the assessment of HBV infection and replication status in vivo and evaluate the body\'s protection against HBV. Therefore, this study aims to identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HBV infection in children to prevent and control HBV infection in Wuhan areas.
We conducted an extensive retrospective cohort analysis of 115,029 individuals aged 0-18 years who underwent HBV serological markers detection for HBV infection in hospital between 2018 and 2021 using Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. We generated descriptive statistics and analysed HBV infection\'s epidemiological and clinical characteristics between different sex and age groups.
The overall positive detection rates of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and HBcAb in all participants were 0.13%, 79.09%, 0.17%, 2.81%, and 5.82%, respectively. The positive rate of HBeAb and HBcAb in males was significantly lower than that in females (2.64% vs. 3.13%, 5.56% vs. 6.29%) (P < 0.05). Twenty-two distinct HBV serological expression patterns were revealed. Among them, 8 common expression patterns accounted for 99.63%, while the remaining 14 uncommon expression patterns were primarily observed in neonatal patients with HBV infection. There are no significant differences in serological patterns based on sex (P < 0.05). The overall HBV infection detection rate was 5.82% [range 5.68-5.95] and showed a declining yearly trend. The rate in females was higher than that in males 6.29% [6.05, 6.35] vs. 5.56% [5.39, 5.59]. The overall HBV diagnostic rate over 4 years was 0.20% [0.17, 0.22], and the rate declined yearly. The prevalence of acute infection was higher than that of other infection types before 2019, but the incidence of unclassified infection showed a significant upward trend after 2019.
While the overall HBV infection detection rate in children has decreased year by year, the infection rate remains high in children under one year and between 4 and 18 years. This continued prevalence warrants heightened attention and vigilance.
We conducted an extensive retrospective cohort analysis of 115,029 individuals aged 0-18 years who underwent HBV serological markers detection for HBV infection in hospital between 2018 and 2021 using Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. We generated descriptive statistics and analysed HBV infection\'s epidemiological and clinical characteristics between different sex and age groups.
The overall positive detection rates of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and HBcAb in all participants were 0.13%, 79.09%, 0.17%, 2.81%, and 5.82%, respectively. The positive rate of HBeAb and HBcAb in males was significantly lower than that in females (2.64% vs. 3.13%, 5.56% vs. 6.29%) (P < 0.05). Twenty-two distinct HBV serological expression patterns were revealed. Among them, 8 common expression patterns accounted for 99.63%, while the remaining 14 uncommon expression patterns were primarily observed in neonatal patients with HBV infection. There are no significant differences in serological patterns based on sex (P < 0.05). The overall HBV infection detection rate was 5.82% [range 5.68-5.95] and showed a declining yearly trend. The rate in females was higher than that in males 6.29% [6.05, 6.35] vs. 5.56% [5.39, 5.59]. The overall HBV diagnostic rate over 4 years was 0.20% [0.17, 0.22], and the rate declined yearly. The prevalence of acute infection was higher than that of other infection types before 2019, but the incidence of unclassified infection showed a significant upward trend after 2019.
While the overall HBV infection detection rate in children has decreased year by year, the infection rate remains high in children under one year and between 4 and 18 years. This continued prevalence warrants heightened attention and vigilance.
摘要：
背景：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）仍然是一个重大的公共卫生安全问题，在中国和全球引起相当大的关注。HBV血清学标志物的检测可以评估体内HBV感染和复制状态，并评估机体对HBV的保护作用。因此,本研究旨在了解武汉地区儿童HBV感染的流行病学和临床特点,以预防和控制HBV感染。
方法：我们对115,029名0-18岁的个体进行了广泛的回顾性队列分析，这些个体在2018年至2021年期间在医院接受了HBV感染的HBV血清学标志物检测，使用电化学发光免疫分析法。我们进行了描述性统计，并分析了不同性别和年龄组之间HBV感染的流行病学和临床特征。
结果：HBsAg的总体阳性检出率，HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,所有参与者的HBcAb为0.13%，79.09%,0.17%，2.81%,5.82%，分别。男性HBeAb和HBcAb阳性率明显低于女性(2.64%vs.3.13%,5.56%vs.6.29%)(P<0.05)。揭示了22种不同的HBV血清学表达模式。其中,8种常见的表达模式占99.63%,而其余14不常见的表达模式主要在新生儿HBV感染患者中观察到。基于性别的血清学模式没有显着差异（P<0.05）。总体HBV感染检出率为5.82％[范围5.68-5.95]，并呈逐年下降趋势。女性发病率高于男性6.29%[6.05,6.35]。5.56%[5.39，5.59]。总的HBV诊断率超过4年为0.20％[0.17，0.22]，率逐年下降。2019年以前急性感染患病率高于其他感染类型,但2019年以后未分类感染发病率呈明显上升趋势。
结论：虽然儿童HBV感染的总体检出率逐年下降，一岁以下和4至18岁儿童的感染率仍然很高。这种持续的流行值得高度关注和警惕。
方法：我们对115,029名0-18岁的个体进行了广泛的回顾性队列分析，这些个体在2018年至2021年期间在医院接受了HBV感染的HBV血清学标志物检测，使用电化学发光免疫分析法。我们进行了描述性统计，并分析了不同性别和年龄组之间HBV感染的流行病学和临床特征。
结果：HBsAg的总体阳性检出率，HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,所有参与者的HBcAb为0.13%，79.09%,0.17%，2.81%,5.82%，分别。男性HBeAb和HBcAb阳性率明显低于女性(2.64%vs.3.13%,5.56%vs.6.29%)(P<0.05)。揭示了22种不同的HBV血清学表达模式。其中,8种常见的表达模式占99.63%,而其余14不常见的表达模式主要在新生儿HBV感染患者中观察到。基于性别的血清学模式没有显着差异（P<0.05）。总体HBV感染检出率为5.82％[范围5.68-5.95]，并呈逐年下降趋势。女性发病率高于男性6.29%[6.05,6.35]。5.56%[5.39，5.59]。总的HBV诊断率超过4年为0.20％[0.17，0.22]，率逐年下降。2019年以前急性感染患病率高于其他感染类型,但2019年以后未分类感染发病率呈明显上升趋势。
结论：虽然儿童HBV感染的总体检出率逐年下降，一岁以下和4至18岁儿童的感染率仍然很高。这种持续的流行值得高度关注和警惕。
