Abstract：
Brain plays a central role in adapting to environmental changes and is highly sensitive to the oxygen level. Although previous studies investigated the molecular response of brain exposure to acute hypoxia in fish, the lack of studies at the translational level hinders further understanding of the regulatory mechanism response to hypoxia from multi-omics levels. Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an important freshwater aquaculture species; however, hypoxia severely restricts the sustainable development of its breeding industry. In the present study, the transcriptome, translatome, and proteome were integrated to study the global landscapes of yellow catfish brain response to hypoxia. The evidently increased amount of cerebral cortical cells with oedema and pyknotic nuclei has been observed in hypoxia group of yellow catfish. A total of 2750 genes were significantly changed at the translational level. Comparative transcriptional and translational analysis suggested the HIF-1 signaling pathway, autophagy and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis were up-regulated after hypoxia exposure. KEGG enrichment of translational efficiency (TE) differential genes suggested that the lysosome and autophagy were highly enriched. Our result showed that yellow catfish tends to inhibit the TE of genes by increasing the translation of uORFs to adapt to hypoxia. Correlation analysis showed that transcriptome and translatome exhibit higher correlation. In summary, this study demonstrated that hypoxia dysregulated the cerebral function of yellow catfish at the transcriptome, translatome, and proteome, which provides a better understanding of hypoxia adaptation in teleost.
摘要：
大脑在适应环境变化中起着核心作用，对氧气水平高度敏感。尽管以前的研究调查了大脑暴露于鱼类急性缺氧的分子反应，缺乏翻译水平的研究阻碍了从多组学水平进一步理解缺氧的调节机制.黄cat鱼（Pelteobrusfulvidraco）是重要的淡水水产养殖物种；但是，缺氧严重制约着其养殖业的可持续发展。在本研究中,转录组，翻译,和蛋白质组整合以研究黄of鱼大脑对缺氧的反应。在黄cat鱼的缺氧组中，观察到脑皮层细胞的数量明显增加，水肿和凝缩核。共有2750个基因在翻译水平上发生了显著的变更。比较转录和翻译分析表明HIF-1信号通路，低氧暴露后，自噬和糖酵解/糖异生上调。翻译效率（TE）差异基因的KEGG富集表明溶酶体和自噬高度富集。我们的结果表明，黄cat鱼倾向于通过增加uORFs的翻译来抑制基因的TE以适应缺氧。相关性分析表明，转录组和翻译组表现出更高的相关性。总之,这项研究表明，缺氧在转录组上失调了黄鲶鱼的大脑功能，翻译,和蛋白质组，这提供了对硬骨鱼缺氧适应的更好理解。
