Abstract：
Despite recent research showing that early childhood education and daycare settings (ECEC) have an important role in promoting toddlers\' physical activity (PA), crucial information gaps remain regarding toddlers\' PA and sedentary behavior (SB) in these outdoor settings. We aimed in this study to: (a) analyze PA patterns and SB during unstructured outdoor play time in preschool and daycare environments using accelerometry and systematic observation; (b) provide concurrent accelerometry and observational data to help validate the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Preschool Version (OSRAC-P); and (c) examine individual, social and environmental correlates of PA and SB during toddlers\' unstructured outdoor play time. We found that: (a) toddlers displayed high amounts of PA with no sex, BMI, and/or age differences in PA and SB levels,; (b) environmental variables (e.g., fixed equipment and playground density) were not associated with PA levels or SB intensity; (c) the OSRAC-P was a reliable and valid means of observing and analyzing toddlers\' PA patterns during unstructured outdoor play time; and (e) different social patterns between boys and girls did not impact PA levels or patterns. Combining different measurement methods permitted an improved understanding of unstructured outdoor play in preschool and daycare settings.
摘要：
尽管最近的研究表明，儿童早期教育和日托设置（ECEC）在促进幼儿身体活动（PA）方面具有重要作用，在这些户外环境中，关于幼儿PA和久坐行为(SB)的关键信息差距仍然存在。我们在这项研究中的目标是：（a）使用加速度测量法和系统观察来分析在学龄前和日托环境中的非结构化户外游戏时间期间的PA模式和SB；（b）提供同时的加速度测量法和观察数据，以帮助验证儿童学龄前运动观察系统（OSRAC-P）；（c）检查个人，幼儿非结构化户外游戏时间内PA和SB的社会和环境相关性。我们发现：（a）幼儿在没有性别的情况下表现出大量的PA，BMI,和/或PA和SB水平的年龄差异，；(B)环境变量(例如，固定设备和操场密度）与PA水平或SB强度无关；（c）OSRAC-P是观察和分析非结构化户外游戏时间内幼儿PA模式的可靠且有效的方法；（e）男孩和女孩之间不同的社交模式不会影响PA水平或模式。结合不同的测量方法可以更好地理解幼儿园和日托环境中的非结构化户外游戏。
