PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cooperative social behaviors, such as parental care, have long been hypothesized to relax selection leading to the accumulation of genetic variation in populations. Although the idea has been discussed for decades, there has been relatively little experimental work to investigate how social behavior contributes to genetic variation in populations. Here, we investigate how parental care can shape molecular genetic variation in the subsocial insect, Nicrophorus vespilloides. Using whole-genome sequencing of populations that had evolved in the presence or absence of parental care for 30 generations, we show that parental care maintains levels of standing genetic variation. In contrast, under a harsh environment without care, strong directional selection caused a reduction in genetic variation. Furthermore, we show that adaptation to the loss of care is associated with genetic divergence between populations at loci related to stress, morphological development, and transcriptional regulation. These data reveal how social behavior is linked to the genetic processes that shape and maintain genetic diversity within populations, and provides rare empirical evidence for an old hypothesis.
摘要：
合作社会行为，比如父母的照顾,长期以来，人们一直在假设放松选择，从而导致种群中遗传变异的积累。尽管这个想法已经讨论了几十年，研究社会行为如何导致种群遗传变异的实验工作相对较少。这里,我们调查父母的照顾如何塑造亚社会昆虫的分子遗传变异，微带菌。使用在有或没有父母照顾的情况下进化了30代的群体的全基因组测序，我们表明，父母的照顾保持了常备遗传变异的水平。相比之下,在恶劣的环境下，强的定向选择导致遗传变异的减少。此外，我们表明，对失去照顾的适应与群体之间在与压力相关的基因座上的遗传差异有关，形态发育，和转录调控。这些数据揭示了社会行为如何与塑造和维持种群遗传多样性的遗传过程联系在一起，并为一个古老的假设提供了罕见的经验证据。
