Abstract：
This comprehensive review delves into the forefront of wastewater treatment technology, with a specific focus on the revolutionary concept of Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD). (ZLD), underpinned by a sustainable ethos, aspires to accomplish total water reclamation, constituting a pivotal response to pressing environmental issues. The paper furnishes a historical panorama of (ZLD), elucidating its motivating factors and inherent merits. It navigates a spectrum of (ZLD) technologies encompassing thermal methodologies, (ZLD) synergized with Reverse Osmosis (RO), High-Efficiency Reverse Osmosis (HERO), Membrane Distillation (MD), Forward Osmosis (FO), and Electrodialysis Reversal (EDR). Moreover, the study casts a global purview over the deployment status of (ZLD) systems in pursuit of resource recovery, accentuating nations such as the United States, China, India, assorted European Union members, Canada, and Egypt. Meticulous case studies take center stage, underscoring intricate scenarios involving heavily contaminated effluents from challenging sectors including tanneries, textile mills, petroleum refineries, and paper mills. The report culminates by distilling sagacious observations and recommendations, emanating from a collaborative brainstorming endeavor. This compendium embarks on an enlightening journey through the evolution of wastewater treatment, (ZLD)\'s ascendancy, and its transformative potential in recalibrating water management paradigms while harmonizing industrial progress with environmental stewardship.
摘要：
这篇全面的综述深入探讨了污水处理技术的前沿,特别关注零液体排放（ZLD）的革命性概念。(ZLD),以可持续的精神为基础，渴望实现全面的水回收，构成对紧迫环境问题的关键回应。本文提供了（ZLD）的历史全景，阐明其激励因素和内在优点。它导航了一系列（ZLD）技术，包括热方法，（ZLD）与反渗透（RO）协同作用，高效反渗透（HERO），膜蒸馏（MD），正向渗透(FO)，和电渗析逆转(EDR)。此外，这项研究对(ZLD)系统的部署状态进行了全球范围的调查，以寻求资源回收，强调像美国这样的国家，中国,印度,各种各样的欧盟成员，加拿大,和埃及。细致的案例研究占据了中心舞台，强调复杂的情况，涉及来自包括制革厂在内的挑战性行业的严重污染的废水，纺织厂,炼油厂,和造纸厂。该报告最终提炼了明智的观察和建议，源于合作头脑风暴的努力。这份纲要通过废水处理的演变开始了一段启发性的旅程，（ZLD）的优势，及其在重新调整水管理范式同时协调工业进步与环境管理方面的变革潜力。
