关键词: computed tomography image quality material decomposition one-step photon-counting detector spectral CT

Mesh : Humans Quality Improvement Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed Algorithms Phantoms, Imaging Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods

来  源:   DOI:10.1088/1361-6560/ad11a3

Abstract:
Objective. X-ray spectral computed tomography (CT) allows for material decomposition (MD). This study compared a one-step material decomposition MD algorithm with a two-step reconstruction MD algorithm using acquisitions of a prototype CT scanner with a photon-counting detector (PCD).Approach. MD and CT reconstruction may be done in two successive steps, i.e. decompose the data in material sinograms which are then reconstructed in material CT images, or jointly in a one-step algorithm. The one-step algorithm reconstructed material CT images by maximizing their Poisson log-likelihood in the projection domain with a spatial regularization in the image domain. The two-step algorithm maximized first the Poisson log-likelihood without regularization to decompose the data in material sinograms. These sinograms were then reconstructed into material CT images by least squares minimization, with the same spatial regularization as the one step algorithm. A phantom simulating the CT angiography clinical task was scanned and the data used to measure noise and spatial resolution properties. Low dose carotid CT angiographies of 4 patients were also reconstructed with both algorithms and analyzed by a radiologist. The image quality and diagnostic clinical task were evaluated with a clinical score.Main results. The phantom data processing demonstrated that the one-step algorithm had a better spatial resolution at the same noise level or a decreased noise value at matching spatial resolution. Regularization parameters leading to a fair comparison were selected for the patient data reconstruction. On the patient images, the one-step images received higher scores compared to the two-step algorithm for image quality and diagnostic.Significance. Both phantom and patient data demonstrated how a one-step algorithm improves spectral CT image quality over the implemented two-step algorithm but requires a longer computation time. At a low radiation dose, the one-step algorithm presented good to excellent clinical scores for all the spectral CT images.
摘要:
目的:X射线能谱计算机断层扫描(CT)允许材料分解(MD)。这项研究比较了一步材料分解MD算法与两步重建MD算法,该算法使用带有光子计数探测器(PCD)的原型CT扫描仪进行采集。
方法:MD和CT重建可以分两步完成,即分解材料正弦图中的数据,然后在材料CT图像中重建,或者联合使用一步算法。一步算法通过在投影域中最大化其泊松对数似然并在图像域中进行空间正则化来重建材料CT图像。两步算法首先在没有正则化的情况下最大化泊松对数似然,以分解材料正弦图中的数据。然后通过最小二乘最小化将这些正弦图重建为材料CT图像,与一步算法相同的空间正则化。扫描了模拟CT血管造影临床任务的体模,并将数据用于测量噪声和空间分辨率属性。还使用两种算法重建了4例患者的低剂量颈动脉CT血管造影,并由放射科医生进行了分析。用临床评分评价图象质量和诊断临床任务。
结果:体模数据处理表明,一步算法在相同的噪声水平下具有更好的空间分辨率,或者在匹配的空间分辨率下具有降低的噪声值。选择导致公平比较的正则化参数用于患者数据重建。在病人的图像上,与图像质量和诊断的两步算法相比,一步图像获得了更高的分数.
结论:体模和患者数据都证明了一步算法如何比实施的两步算法提高能谱CT图像质量,但需要更长的计算时间。在低辐射剂量下,一步算法对所有能谱CT图像都表现出良好的临床评分。
公众号