Abstract：
Nickel oxide (NiOx ) has garnered considerable attention as a prospective hole-transporting layer (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs), offering a potential solution to the stability challenges posed by traditional HTL, PEDOT:PSS, arising from acidity and hygroscopicity. Nevertheless, the lower work function (WF) of NiOx relative to donor polymers reduces charge injection efficiency in OSCs. Herein, NiOx nanoparticles are tailored through rare earth doping to optimize WF and the impact of ionic radius on their electronic properties is explored. Lanthanum (La3+ ) and yttrium (Y3+ ) ions, with larger ionic radii, are effectively doped at 1 and 3%, respectively, while scandium (Sc3+ ), with a smaller ion radius, allows enhanced 5% doping. Higher doping ratios significantly enhance WF of NiOx . A 5% Sc3+ doping raises WF to 4.99 eV from 4.77 eV for neat NiOx while maintaining high conductivity. Consequently, using 5% Sc-doped NiOx as HTL improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs to 17.13%, surpassing the 15.64% with the neat NiOx . Further enhancement to 18.42% is achieved by introducing the reductant catechol, outperforming the PEDOT:PSS-based devices. Additionally, when employed in a ternary blend system (D18:N3:F-BTA3), an impressive PCE of 19.18 % is realized, top-performing among reported OSCs utilizing solution-processed inorganic nanoparticles.
摘要：
氧化镍（NiOx）作为有机太阳能电池（OSC）中的潜在空穴传输层（HTL）引起了广泛的关注，为传统HTL带来的稳定性挑战提供了潜在的解决方案，PEDOT:PSS,由酸度和吸湿性引起。然而，相对于供体聚合物,NiOx的较低功函数(WF)降低OSC中的电荷注入效率。在这里，我们通过稀土掺杂来定制NiOx纳米粒子，以优化WF并探索离子半径对其电子性质的影响。镧(La3+)和钇(Y3+)离子,具有更大的离子半径，有效掺杂在1%和3%，分别,而钪(Sc3+)，具有较小的离子半径，允许增强5%的掺杂。较高的掺杂比显著提高了NiOx的WF。对于纯NiOx,5%Sc3+掺杂将WF从4.77eV提高到4.99eV,同时保持高导电性。因此,使用5％Sc掺杂的NiOx作为HTL将OSC的功率转换效率（PCE）提高到17.13％，超过15.64%的整洁的NiOx。通过引入还原剂邻苯二酚，进一步提高了18.42%。性能优于基于PEDOT:PSS的设备。此外,当用于三元混合体系(D18:N3:F-BTA3)时，实现了19.18%的令人印象深刻的PCE，在报告的OSC中，使用溶液处理的无机纳米粒子表现最好。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
