Abstract：
Potentially traumatic events elicit intrusive memories to which some individuals are more vulnerable than others. Lower abstract reasoning capacity has been related to more intrusive memories. A more perceptual processing style when encoding the event may mediate this link. Another potential mechanism is lower attentional control, resulting in greater attentional bias toward trauma-related content. We examined both of these possibilities using a trauma-analogue paradigm. One hundred and twenty participants completed abstract reasoning tasks. Then, 90 participants watched a negative video, and 30 participants watched a neutral video. The level of perceptual processing (P1) and attentional bias (RT) towards trauma-related stimuli were measured with a pictorial Stroop task while recording EEG. Intrusive memories were recorded for 5 days. Abstract reasoning was not associated with intrusive memories. However, lower abstract reasoning tended to be associated with more perceptual processing (greater P1 amplitude) following the negative video. More perceptual processing also tended to be related to more intrusive memories for younger participants. A more pronounced attentional bias was related to more intrusive memories, but only for women. Unexpectedly, also for women, better verbal reasoning was linked to a more pronounced attentional bias. Results are compared to existing studies and future implications are discussed.
摘要：
潜在的创伤事件会引发侵入性记忆，有些人比其他人更容易受到影响。较低的抽象推理能力与更多的侵入性记忆有关。对事件进行编码时更具感知性的处理风格可以调解该链接。另一个潜在的机制是注意力控制较低，导致对创伤相关内容的更大关注偏差。我们使用创伤模拟范式检查了这两种可能性。一百二十名参与者完成了抽象推理任务。然后，90名参与者观看了一段负面视频，30名参与者观看了一段中立的视频。在记录EEG的同时，通过图形Stroop任务测量了对创伤相关刺激的感知处理（P1）和注意偏差（RT）的水平。记录侵入性记忆5天。抽象推理与侵入性记忆无关。然而,较低的抽象推理倾向于与负面视频之后的更多感知处理（更大的P1幅度）相关联。对于年轻的参与者来说，更多的感知处理也倾向于与更多的侵入性记忆有关。更明显的注意偏差与更多的侵入性记忆有关，但只为女性。出乎意料的是,对于女性来说,更好的言语推理与更明显的注意力偏见有关。将结果与现有研究进行比较，并讨论了未来的影响。
