Abstract:
The skin, hair, and nails can all present with yellow discoloration secondary to exogenous etiologies. Xanthoderma, yellow discoloration of the skin, can occur not only from exogenous sources secondary to topical contact with various substances but also from endogenous causes such as diseases from the liver and kidney, or oral medications. A 64-year-old man developed asymptomatic, yellow staining of his distal left forearm, hand, and fingertips. He was not receiving antimalarials, did not have hepatic or renal dysfunction, and had not applied any sunless tanning solutions to his skin. Prior to the appearance of his xanthoderma, he had been tending to a tomato plant in his yard; the yellow staining appeared on the areas of his left upper extremity that had contacted the stems and leaves of the tomato plant. Within two days, the yellow skin discoloration resolved spontaneously after several washings of the affected areas with soap and water. Tomato plants have trichomes that appear as hair-like structures on the stems and produce an oily substance; the trichomes not only produce the scent of the plant, but also provide protection from cold, drought, disease, and pests. Initially, when the oily substance contacts the skin, the skin appears yellow; subsequently, the skin may become black. The skin that has been stained by a tomato plant is referred to as \"tomato skin\" (TOMASK). In addition to reviewing the etiology of exogenous xanthoderma, this paper also summarizes the causes of exogenous yellow hair and yellow nails. Exogenous yellowing of the skin can result from various topical causes. Common topical etiologies of xanthoderma include not only contact with tomato plants, but also sunless tanning solutions (that contain dihydroxyacetone) and tobacco (that not only causes yellow staining of the white hair on men\'s upper lip referred to as \"smoker\'s mustache\", but also yellow staining of the nail plate and fingertips used to hold the cigarette or cigar). In summary, tomato plant-associated xanthoderma is a benign exogenous etiology of yellow staining of the skin which eventually resolves after several washings of the affected sites with soap and water.
摘要:
皮肤,头发,和指甲都可以出现黄色变色继发于外源性病因。黄腐病,皮肤的黄色变色,不仅可以从局部接触各种物质的外源性来源发生,而且还可以从内源性原因,如肝脏和肾脏的疾病,或口服药物。一名64岁的男子无症状,他的左前臂远端有黄色染色,手,和指尖。他没有接受抗疟药,没有肝肾功能障碍,并且没有在他的皮肤上使用任何无阳光的晒黑溶液。在他的黄皮病出现之前,他一直在院子里照料番茄植物;黄色染色出现在他的左上肢与番茄植物的茎和叶接触的区域。两天内,在用肥皂和水洗涤受影响的区域几次后,黄色皮肤变色自发解决。番茄植物的毛状体在茎上表现为毛发状结构,并产生油性物质;毛状体不仅产生植物的气味,而且还提供防寒保护,干旱,疾病,和害虫。最初,当油性物质接触皮肤时,皮肤出现黄色;随后,皮肤可能会变黑。被番茄植物染色的皮肤被称为“番茄皮”(TOMASK)。除了回顾外源性黄皮病的病因外,本文还总结了外源性黄发和黄指甲的原因。皮肤的外源性泛黄可由各种局部原因引起。黄皮病的常见局部病因不仅包括与番茄植物接触,还有无阳光的晒黑溶液(含有二羟基丙酮)和烟草(不仅会使男性上唇上的白发染成黄色,被称为“吸烟者的胡子”,但也有黄色染色的指甲板和指尖用于保持香烟或雪茄)。总之,番茄植物相关的黄腐病是皮肤黄色染色的良性外源性病因,最终在用肥皂和水洗涤受影响的部位后消退。