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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to explore the preference and experience of paediatric dentists based in Switzerland regarding the use of articaine and other local and topical anaesthesia.
METHODS: An 18-question survey was developed, piloted, and distributed to the members of the Swiss association of paediatric dentistry (n = 460). The following information were collected: most used local anaesthetic in different age groups, time needed to inject a full ampule, frequency of observed local and systemic side effects, application of topical anaesthetic prior to injection, time waited between application and the injection, and perceived effectiveness of topical anaesthetic. The dentists\' responses were analysed with logistic regressions reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) at 5%.
RESULTS: The response rate was 37% (n = 168) out of the 460 questionnaires sent, with the responders being predominantly female (67%) and 47-year-old on average. More than 80% of the dentists used articaine in all age groups. 45% of responders took longer than 60 s to inject a full ampule. Local and systemic side-effects were observed by 82% and 28% of respondents respectively, although the nature and the significance of those were not detailed due to the anonymous nature of the questionnaire. Significantly less local adverse effects were seen for older children (p = 0.04) and among dentists with more years of experience (p = 0.01). Most responders applied topical anaesthetic and half of them waited longer than 60 s before injection.
CONCLUSIONS: Articaine is a widely used local anaesthetic by the studied group of Swiss paediatric dentists regardless of patient\'s age. The use of topical anaesthetic before injection is a common practice with good perceived effectiveness.
METHODS: An 18-question survey was developed, piloted, and distributed to the members of the Swiss association of paediatric dentistry (n = 460). The following information were collected: most used local anaesthetic in different age groups, time needed to inject a full ampule, frequency of observed local and systemic side effects, application of topical anaesthetic prior to injection, time waited between application and the injection, and perceived effectiveness of topical anaesthetic. The dentists\' responses were analysed with logistic regressions reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) at 5%.
RESULTS: The response rate was 37% (n = 168) out of the 460 questionnaires sent, with the responders being predominantly female (67%) and 47-year-old on average. More than 80% of the dentists used articaine in all age groups. 45% of responders took longer than 60 s to inject a full ampule. Local and systemic side-effects were observed by 82% and 28% of respondents respectively, although the nature and the significance of those were not detailed due to the anonymous nature of the questionnaire. Significantly less local adverse effects were seen for older children (p = 0.04) and among dentists with more years of experience (p = 0.01). Most responders applied topical anaesthetic and half of them waited longer than 60 s before injection.
CONCLUSIONS: Articaine is a widely used local anaesthetic by the studied group of Swiss paediatric dentists regardless of patient\'s age. The use of topical anaesthetic before injection is a common practice with good perceived effectiveness.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在探讨瑞士儿科牙医在使用阿替卡因及其他局部和局部麻醉方面的偏好和经验。
方法：进行了18个问题的调查，试点,并分发给瑞士儿科牙科协会的成员（n=460）。收集了以下信息：不同年龄段使用最多的局部麻醉药，注射一个完整的安瓿所需的时间，观察到的局部和全身副作用的频率，注射前局部麻醉的应用，在应用和注射之间等待的时间，以及局部麻醉的有效性。使用逻辑回归分析牙医的反应，报告比值比（OR）和5％的95％置信区间（CI）。
结果：在发送的460份问卷中，答复率为37％（n=168），响应者主要是女性（67％）和平均47岁。在所有年龄组中，超过80％的牙医使用阿替卡因。45%的反应者注射完整的安瓿需要超过60秒的时间。分别有82%和28%的受访者观察到局部和全身副作用，尽管由于问卷的匿名性，这些问卷的性质和意义没有详细说明。年龄较大的儿童（p=0.04）和经验较多的牙医（p=0.01）的局部不良反应明显较少。大多数响应者使用局部麻醉剂，其中一半在注射前等待了60秒以上。
结论：阿替卡因是瑞士儿科牙医研究小组广泛使用的局部麻醉药，无论患者年龄如何。注射前使用局部麻醉剂是具有良好感知效果的常见做法。
方法：进行了18个问题的调查，试点,并分发给瑞士儿科牙科协会的成员（n=460）。收集了以下信息：不同年龄段使用最多的局部麻醉药，注射一个完整的安瓿所需的时间，观察到的局部和全身副作用的频率，注射前局部麻醉的应用，在应用和注射之间等待的时间，以及局部麻醉的有效性。使用逻辑回归分析牙医的反应，报告比值比（OR）和5％的95％置信区间（CI）。
结果：在发送的460份问卷中，答复率为37％（n=168），响应者主要是女性（67％）和平均47岁。在所有年龄组中，超过80％的牙医使用阿替卡因。45%的反应者注射完整的安瓿需要超过60秒的时间。分别有82%和28%的受访者观察到局部和全身副作用，尽管由于问卷的匿名性，这些问卷的性质和意义没有详细说明。年龄较大的儿童（p=0.04）和经验较多的牙医（p=0.01）的局部不良反应明显较少。大多数响应者使用局部麻醉剂，其中一半在注射前等待了60秒以上。
结论：阿替卡因是瑞士儿科牙医研究小组广泛使用的局部麻醉药，无论患者年龄如何。注射前使用局部麻醉剂是具有良好感知效果的常见做法。
