Abstract：
Access to sanitation has become an important element for improving the health of populations in developing countries. In Burkina Faso, 12% of the population in rural areas has access to latrine and 65% practice open defecation (OD). In a bid to eliminate this unsanitary practice and enhance sanitation access in rural areas, the government embraced community-led total sanitation (CLTS) as a national strategy in 2014. However, more than 6 years later, a notable observation is the high abandonment rate, with only a small fraction of rural communities successfully eradicating OD. Out of the 8892 villages in the country, 3546 underwent a CLTS triggering from 2014 to 2020. Nevertheless, in 787 of these villages, the implementation of the CLTS approach was abandoned, indicating a substantial abandonment rate of 22.19%. Until now, most studies on CLTS have focused on the post-ODF phase, emphasizing the question of the sustainability of the results generated by the approach, as if the process from triggering to obtaining ODF certification was not subject to any problems. However, cases of abandonment of the CLTS process after triggering do exist, although poorly documented in the literature, and there are no studies that clearly assign responsibilities to the actors when CLTS implementation comes to be abandoned. This research aims to bridge these gaps by identifying the root causes of these abandonment cases while delineating the distinct responsibilities associated with these instances. To achieve this, the study was conducted in the Central-Western region of Burkina Faso, where all stakeholders involved in CLTS implementation, including target communities, were identified, their different roles in the process defined, and data collected through household surveys, interviews, and focus groups. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The research findings indicate that the abandonment of the CLTS implementation process is due to four categories of factors: sociocultural and economic aspects (39.78%), physical conditions (17.52%), governance aspects (26.28%), and the quality of approach implementation (16.42%). Moreover, these factors highlight a shared accountability for abandonment involving the government, implementing organizations, and target communities. These findings have significant implications for the future design of sanitation programs using the CLTS approach. To mitigate abandonment rates in the CLTS implementation process across rural communities, it is imperative for policymakers to attentively consider these factors and integrate the recommendations delineated in this study.
摘要：
获得卫生设施已成为改善发展中国家人口健康的重要因素。在布基纳法索，农村地区有12％的人口可以使用厕所，而65％的人口可以使用开放式排便（OD）。为了消除这种不卫生的做法，并加强农村地区的卫生设施，2014年，政府将社区主导的全面卫生设施（CLTS）作为国家战略。然而,6年多后,一个值得注意的观察是高废弃率，只有一小部分农村社区成功根除了OD。在全国8892个村庄中，从2014年到2020年，3546经历了CLTS触发。然而，在这些村庄中的787个，CLTS方法的实施被放弃，表明大幅放弃率为22.19%。直到现在,大多数关于CLTS的研究都集中在ODF后阶段，强调该方法产生的结果的可持续性问题，好像从触发到获得ODF认证的过程没有任何问题。然而,触发后放弃CLTS流程的情况确实存在，尽管文献记载得很少，当CLTS实施被放弃时，没有研究明确地将责任分配给参与者。这项研究旨在通过确定这些遗弃案例的根本原因，同时描绘与这些案例相关的不同责任，来弥合这些差距。为了实现这一点，这项研究是在布基纳法索的中西部地区进行的，所有参与CLTS实施的利益相关者，包括目标社区，被确认,他们在定义的过程中的不同角色，以及通过家庭调查收集的数据，采访,和焦点小组。采用内容分析法对数据进行分析。研究结果表明，放弃CLTS实施过程是由于四类因素：社会文化和经济方面（39.78％），物理条件（17.52%），治理方面(26.28%)，和方法实施质量(16.42%)。此外，这些因素凸显了政府对遗弃的共同责任，实施组织，和目标社区。这些发现对使用CLTS方法的卫生计划的未来设计具有重要意义。为了减轻农村社区CLTS实施过程中的遗弃率，决策者必须认真考虑这些因素，并整合本研究中提出的建议。
