Abstract：
Human trafficking is a serious crime and violation of human rights that results in numerous harms. Although the phenomenon is not new, scholarship on the issue has grown substantially since the first legal framework was passed in 2000. However, the existing literature has been criticized for its skewed focus on victims, among other things. The dearth of information on traffickers and their operations limits our ability to reduce or prevent perpetration. The current study presents a comprehensive and critical review of the existing literature focused on traffickers to synthesize what is already known and highlight the key gaps. Twenty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria of (1) focusing on traffickers and their operations and (2) relying on data either directly from traffickers or sources that contained detailed information about criminal cases against traffickers. We used an iterative process to identify relevant studies, which included collecting articles of which we were already familiar or were identified in existing reviews, searching their reference lists, and conducting cited-by searches until saturation was reached. Topics found in the extant literature included: characteristics of traffickers, relationships between traffickers and victims, organizational characteristics and networks, operations, connections with other crimes, motivations, perceptions of behavior, and risks associated with trafficking. It concludes with recommendations for future research and a discussion of how bridging gaps in the literature could support more rigorous mathematical modeling that is needed to identify and assess promising perpetration prevention and intervention strategies.
摘要：
人口贩运是一种严重的犯罪和侵犯人权的行为，会造成许多伤害。虽然这种现象并不新鲜,自2000年通过第一个法律框架以来，关于这个问题的奖学金大幅增加。然而,现有文献因其对受害者的偏颇而受到批评，除其他外。关于贩运者及其行动的信息匮乏限制了我们减少或防止贩运的能力。本研究对现有文献进行了全面而严格的审查，重点是贩运者，以综合已经知道的内容并强调关键差距。29条符合以下纳入标准：（1）侧重于贩运者及其行动；（2）依赖直接来自贩运者或包含有关贩运者刑事案件详细信息的来源的数据。我们使用了一个迭代过程来确定相关的研究，其中包括收集我们已经熟悉或在现有评论中确定的文章，搜索他们的参考列表，并进行引用搜索，直到达到饱和。现有文献中发现的主题包括：贩运者的特征，人贩子和受害者之间的关系，组织特征和网络，操作,与其他犯罪的联系，动机,对行为的感知，以及与贩运有关的风险。最后提出了对未来研究的建议，并讨论了弥合文献中的差距如何支持更严格的数学建模，这是确定和评估有希望的预防和干预策略所必需的。
