Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Evacuation and relocation are key actions used to protect the public in response to natural or technological disasters, but there are inherent risks to both. Unfortunately, these risks have not been fully quantified, which limits the ability of emergency managers and the public to effectively balance the risks and benefits of evacuation or relocation. This work provides quantitative data on the risks of health effects from displacement following evacuation or relocation.
METHODS: Researchers performed a literature review and meta-analysis of published studies and quantified risks of 14 different health effects, including both physical and socio-behavioral outcomes, from studies of 9 different disaster types.
RESULTS: The findings show statistically significant increases in 9 of the 14 health effects in displaced populations, indicating an increased likelihood of experiencing detrimental health effects compared with nondisplaced populations. A pooled analysis of all negative health effects found an odds ratio of 1.49 (95% confidence interval: 1.24-1.79), which shows a significant relationship between displacement and negative health outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that evacuated or relocated populations have an increased risk of experiencing negative health effects associated with displacement. The broad number of disaster types included mean that findings are applicable to any emergency evacuation or relocation.
METHODS: Researchers performed a literature review and meta-analysis of published studies and quantified risks of 14 different health effects, including both physical and socio-behavioral outcomes, from studies of 9 different disaster types.
RESULTS: The findings show statistically significant increases in 9 of the 14 health effects in displaced populations, indicating an increased likelihood of experiencing detrimental health effects compared with nondisplaced populations. A pooled analysis of all negative health effects found an odds ratio of 1.49 (95% confidence interval: 1.24-1.79), which shows a significant relationship between displacement and negative health outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that evacuated or relocated populations have an increased risk of experiencing negative health effects associated with displacement. The broad number of disaster types included mean that findings are applicable to any emergency evacuation or relocation.
摘要：
目标：疏散和重新安置是用于保护公众以应对自然或技术灾难的关键行动，但是两者都有固有的风险。不幸的是,这些风险尚未完全量化，这限制了应急管理人员和公众有效平衡疏散或搬迁风险和收益的能力。这项工作提供了有关撤离或搬迁后流离失所对健康影响的风险的定量数据。
方法：研究人员对已发表的研究进行了文献综述和荟萃分析，并量化了14种不同健康影响的风险，包括身体和社会行为结果，来自对9种不同灾难类型的研究。
结果：研究结果表明，流离失所人群的14项健康影响中有9项增加，表明与非流离失所人群相比，遭受有害健康影响的可能性增加。对所有负面健康影响的汇总分析发现，比值比为1.49（95％置信区间：1.24-1.79），这表明流离失所与负面健康结果之间存在显著关系。
结论：这些研究结果表明，撤离或重新安置的人口遭受与流离失所相关的负面健康影响的风险增加。包括的灾难类型广泛，这意味着调查结果适用于任何紧急疏散或搬迁。
方法：研究人员对已发表的研究进行了文献综述和荟萃分析，并量化了14种不同健康影响的风险，包括身体和社会行为结果，来自对9种不同灾难类型的研究。
结果：研究结果表明，流离失所人群的14项健康影响中有9项增加，表明与非流离失所人群相比，遭受有害健康影响的可能性增加。对所有负面健康影响的汇总分析发现，比值比为1.49（95％置信区间：1.24-1.79），这表明流离失所与负面健康结果之间存在显著关系。
结论：这些研究结果表明，撤离或重新安置的人口遭受与流离失所相关的负面健康影响的风险增加。包括的灾难类型广泛，这意味着调查结果适用于任何紧急疏散或搬迁。
