PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The exostosins (EXT), which are responsible for heparan sulfate backbone synthesis and play a vital role in tissue homeostasis, have been reported to be correlated with prognosis of various cancers. However, the expression, prognostic value, and immune infiltration of EXT1 and EXT2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remain uncertain.
METHODS: GEPIA, UALCAN, and Xiantao bioinformatics tools were used to explore the EXT1 and EXT2 expression level in HNSC. GEPIA and Sangerbox were utilised to obtain the prognostic value of EXT1 and EXT2 in HNSC. Genetic alterations, immune cell infiltration, and single-cell analysis were conducted in cBioPortal, TIMER, and TISCH2. In addition, the expressions of EXT1 and EXT2 were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in HNSC samples.
RESULTS: EXT1 and EXT2 were highly expressed in HNSC, especially in malignant cells. Only EXT2 was significantly negatively correlated to the prognosis of patients with HNSC. EXT1 and EXT2 were found to be associated with focal adhesin and cell adhesin molecule binding. EXT1 expression levels were considerably connected with CD8+ T cell infiltrating levels, whilst EXT2 expression levels were considerably negatively connected with infiltrating levels of CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in HNSC. The gene mutation rates of EXT1 and EXT2 in HNSC were 7% and 2.8%, respectively. Moreover, EXT2 was validated to be highly expressed in HNSC samples by real-time PCR.
CONCLUSIONS: EXT2 was highly expressed and presented negative correlation with the prognosis and immune infiltration of HNSC, which might be a potential biomarker for HNSC.
METHODS: GEPIA, UALCAN, and Xiantao bioinformatics tools were used to explore the EXT1 and EXT2 expression level in HNSC. GEPIA and Sangerbox were utilised to obtain the prognostic value of EXT1 and EXT2 in HNSC. Genetic alterations, immune cell infiltration, and single-cell analysis were conducted in cBioPortal, TIMER, and TISCH2. In addition, the expressions of EXT1 and EXT2 were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in HNSC samples.
RESULTS: EXT1 and EXT2 were highly expressed in HNSC, especially in malignant cells. Only EXT2 was significantly negatively correlated to the prognosis of patients with HNSC. EXT1 and EXT2 were found to be associated with focal adhesin and cell adhesin molecule binding. EXT1 expression levels were considerably connected with CD8+ T cell infiltrating levels, whilst EXT2 expression levels were considerably negatively connected with infiltrating levels of CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in HNSC. The gene mutation rates of EXT1 and EXT2 in HNSC were 7% and 2.8%, respectively. Moreover, EXT2 was validated to be highly expressed in HNSC samples by real-time PCR.
CONCLUSIONS: EXT2 was highly expressed and presented negative correlation with the prognosis and immune infiltration of HNSC, which might be a potential biomarker for HNSC.
摘要：
目标：外生蛋白酶（EXT），它们负责硫酸乙酰肝素骨架合成，在组织稳态中起着至关重要的作用，据报道与各种癌症的预后相关。然而,表达式，预后价值，头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSC）中EXT1和EXT2的免疫浸润仍不确定。
方法：GEPIA，UALCAN,利用仙桃生物信息学工具探讨了EXT1和EXT2在HNSC中的表达水平。GEPIA和Sangerbox用于获得EXT1和EXT2在HNSC中的预后价值。遗传改变,免疫细胞浸润，在cBioPortal中进行单细胞分析，TIMER,和TISH2。此外,通过实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）验证了HNSC样品中EXT1和EXT2的表达。
结果：EXT1和EXT2在HNSC中高表达，尤其是在恶性细胞中。只有EXT2与HNSC患者的预后呈显著负相关。发现EXT1和EXT2与局灶性粘附素和细胞粘附素分子结合有关。EXT1表达水平与CD8+T细胞浸润水平显著相关，而EXT2的表达水平与CD4+T细胞的浸润水平显著负相关，巨噬细胞，中性粒细胞，和HNSC中的树突状细胞。HNSC中EXT1和EXT2基因突变率分别为7%和2.8%,分别。此外，通过实时PCR验证EXT2在HNSC样品中高度表达。
结论：EXT2高表达，与HNSC的预后和免疫浸润呈负相关。这可能是HNSC的潜在生物标志物。
方法：GEPIA，UALCAN,利用仙桃生物信息学工具探讨了EXT1和EXT2在HNSC中的表达水平。GEPIA和Sangerbox用于获得EXT1和EXT2在HNSC中的预后价值。遗传改变,免疫细胞浸润，在cBioPortal中进行单细胞分析，TIMER,和TISH2。此外,通过实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）验证了HNSC样品中EXT1和EXT2的表达。
结果：EXT1和EXT2在HNSC中高表达，尤其是在恶性细胞中。只有EXT2与HNSC患者的预后呈显著负相关。发现EXT1和EXT2与局灶性粘附素和细胞粘附素分子结合有关。EXT1表达水平与CD8+T细胞浸润水平显著相关，而EXT2的表达水平与CD4+T细胞的浸润水平显著负相关，巨噬细胞，中性粒细胞，和HNSC中的树突状细胞。HNSC中EXT1和EXT2基因突变率分别为7%和2.8%,分别。此外，通过实时PCR验证EXT2在HNSC样品中高度表达。
结论：EXT2高表达，与HNSC的预后和免疫浸润呈负相关。这可能是HNSC的潜在生物标志物。
