Abstract：
It is essential to use environment-friendly, non-toxic, biodegradable and sustainable materials for various applications. Biopolymers are derived from renewable sources like plants, microorganisms, and agricultural wastes. Unlike conventional polymers, biopolymer has a lower carbon footprint and contributes less to greenhouse gas emission. All biopolymers are biodegradable, meaning natural processes can break them down into harmless products such as water and biomass. This property is of utmost importance for various sustainable applications. This review discusses different classifications of biopolymers based on origin, including plant-based, animal-based and micro-organism-based biopolymers. The review also discusses the desirable properties that are required in materials for their use as packaging material. It also discusses the different processes used in modifying the biopolymer to improve its properties. Finally, this review shows the recent developments taking place in using specifically animal origin-based biopolymer and its use in packaging material. It was observed that animal-origin-based biopolymers, although they possess unique properties however, are less explored than plant-origin biopolymers. The animal-origin-based biopolymers covered in this review are chitosan, gelatin, collagen, keratin, casein, whey, hyaluronic acid and silk fibroin. This review will help in renewing research interest in animal-origin biopolymers. In summary, biopolymer offers a sustainable and environment-friendly alternative to conventional polymers. Their versatility, biocompatibility will help create a more sustainable future.
摘要：
使用环保是必不可少的，无毒,可生物降解和可持续材料的各种应用。生物聚合物来自植物等可再生来源，微生物,农业废弃物。不同于传统的聚合物,生物聚合物具有较低的碳足迹，对温室气体排放的贡献较小。所有生物聚合物都是可生物降解的，这意味着自然过程可以将它们分解成无害的产品，如水和生物质。该属性对于各种可持续应用至关重要。这篇综述讨论了基于起源的生物聚合物的不同分类，包括基于植物的，基于动物和微生物的生物聚合物。该综述还讨论了用作包装材料的材料所需的期望性质。它还讨论了用于改性生物聚合物以改善其性能的不同方法。最后,这篇综述显示了最近的发展发生在使用特别是动物来源的生物聚合物及其在包装材料中的用途。据观察，基于动物来源的生物聚合物，尽管它们具有独特的属性，比植物来源的生物聚合物探索得更少。本综述涵盖的基于动物来源的生物聚合物是壳聚糖，明胶,胶原蛋白，角蛋白,酪蛋白,乳清,透明质酸和丝素蛋白。这篇综述将有助于更新对动物源性生物聚合物的研究兴趣。总之,生物聚合物提供了一个可持续和环境友好的替代传统聚合物。他们的多功能性，生物相容性，兼容性将有助于创造更可持续的未来。
