Abstract：
Airborne pathogens not only lead to epidemics and pandemics, but are associated with morbidity and mortality. Administrative or managerial control, environmental control and use of personal protective equipments are the three components in airborne infection control. National and international guidelines for ideal airborne infection control (AIC) practices are available for more than a decade; however the implementation of these need to be looked into, challenges identified and addressed for effective prevention of airborne disease transmission. Commitment of multiple stakeholders from policy makers to patients, budget allocation and adequate fund flow, functioning AIC committees at multiple levels with an inbuilt reporting and monitoring mechanism, adaptation of the AIC practices at various health care levels, supportive supervision, training and ongoing education for health care providers, behaviour change communication to patients to adapt the practices at health care facility level, by health care personnel and patients will facilitate health system preparedness for handling any emergencies, but will also help in reducing the burden of persisting airborne diseases such as tuberculosis. Operational research in this least focused area will also help to identify and address the challenges.
摘要：
空气传播的病原体不仅导致流行病和大流行，但与发病率和死亡率有关。行政或管理控制，环境控制和个人防护设备的使用是空气感染控制的三个组成部分。关于理想的空气传播感染控制（AIC）实践的国家和国际准则已有十多年的历史；然而，这些准则的实施需要研究，为有效预防空气传播疾病而确定和解决的挑战。从政策制定者到患者的多个利益相关者的承诺，预算分配和充足的资金流动，在多个层面运作的AIC委员会，具有内置的报告和监测机制，AIC实践在各种医疗保健级别的适应，支持性监督,对医疗保健提供者的培训和持续教育，行为改变与患者的沟通，以适应医疗机构层面的实践，医护人员和患者将促进卫生系统为处理任何紧急情况做好准备，但也将有助于减少持续的空气传播疾病，如结核病的负担。在这一重点最少的领域进行运筹学也将有助于确定和应对挑战。
