Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This report aimed to compare group differences in social and non-social cognition in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia, and examine the influence of age and other factors on group differences.
METHODS: Literature searches were conducted in Pubmed and Web of Science from January 1980 to August 2022. Original research articles reporting objective measures of cognition were selected.
RESULTS: 57 articles involving 1864 patients with schizophrenia and 1716 patients with ASD have been included. Schizophrenia was associated with more severe non-social-cognitive impairment, particularly in fluency (g=0.47;CI[0.17-0.76]) and processing speed domains (g=0.41;CI[0.20-0.62]). Poorer performance in social cognition (Z = 3.68,p = 0.0002) and non-social cognition (Z = 2.48,p = 0.01) in schizophrenia were significantly related to older age. ASD was associated with more severe social cognitive impairment when groups were matched for non-social-cognition (g=-0.18, p = 0.04) or reasoning/problem solving (g=-0,62; CI [-1,06-(-0.08)].
CONCLUSIONS: While both disorders present with social and non-social cognitive impairments, the pattern and developmental trajectories of these deficits are different. The limitations included heterogeneity of the cognitive measures, and the lack of sufficient information about antipsychotic use.
METHODS: Literature searches were conducted in Pubmed and Web of Science from January 1980 to August 2022. Original research articles reporting objective measures of cognition were selected.
RESULTS: 57 articles involving 1864 patients with schizophrenia and 1716 patients with ASD have been included. Schizophrenia was associated with more severe non-social-cognitive impairment, particularly in fluency (g=0.47;CI[0.17-0.76]) and processing speed domains (g=0.41;CI[0.20-0.62]). Poorer performance in social cognition (Z = 3.68,p = 0.0002) and non-social cognition (Z = 2.48,p = 0.01) in schizophrenia were significantly related to older age. ASD was associated with more severe social cognitive impairment when groups were matched for non-social-cognition (g=-0.18, p = 0.04) or reasoning/problem solving (g=-0,62; CI [-1,06-(-0.08)].
CONCLUSIONS: While both disorders present with social and non-social cognitive impairments, the pattern and developmental trajectories of these deficits are different. The limitations included heterogeneity of the cognitive measures, and the lack of sufficient information about antipsychotic use.
摘要：
背景：本报告旨在比较自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和精神分裂症在社会和非社会认知方面的群体差异，并考察年龄等因素对群体差异的影响。
方法：文献检索于1980年1月至2022年8月在Pubmed和WebofScience中进行。选择了报告认知客观指标的原始研究文章。
结果：已纳入57篇文章，涉及1864例精神分裂症患者和1716例ASD患者。精神分裂症与更严重的非社会认知障碍有关，特别是在流畅度(g=0.47;CI[0.17-0.76])和处理速度域(g=0.41;CI[0.20-0.62])。精神分裂症患者的社会认知（Z=3.68，p=0.0002）和非社会认知（Z=2.48，p=0.01）表现较差与年龄显着相关。当与非社会认知（g=-0.18，p=0.04）或推理/问题解决（g=-0,62；CI[-1,06-（-0.08）]相匹配时，ASD与更严重的社会认知障碍相关。
结论：虽然这两种疾病都有社会和非社会认知障碍，这些赤字的模式和发展轨迹是不同的。局限性包括认知测量的异质性，以及缺乏关于抗精神病药物使用的足够信息。
方法：文献检索于1980年1月至2022年8月在Pubmed和WebofScience中进行。选择了报告认知客观指标的原始研究文章。
结果：已纳入57篇文章，涉及1864例精神分裂症患者和1716例ASD患者。精神分裂症与更严重的非社会认知障碍有关，特别是在流畅度(g=0.47;CI[0.17-0.76])和处理速度域(g=0.41;CI[0.20-0.62])。精神分裂症患者的社会认知（Z=3.68，p=0.0002）和非社会认知（Z=2.48，p=0.01）表现较差与年龄显着相关。当与非社会认知（g=-0.18，p=0.04）或推理/问题解决（g=-0,62；CI[-1,06-（-0.08）]相匹配时，ASD与更严重的社会认知障碍相关。
结论：虽然这两种疾病都有社会和非社会认知障碍，这些赤字的模式和发展轨迹是不同的。局限性包括认知测量的异质性，以及缺乏关于抗精神病药物使用的足够信息。
