Abstract：
Toscana virus is a sandfly-borne human pathogen belonging to Phlebovirus genus into Phenuiviridae family. It is emerging in north Africa posing a complex threat to public health. TOSV is heavily affecting sandfly-exposed people in northern Algeria. A larger distribution has recently been stated in Algeria by using dog sera. Dog exposure to TOSV was repeatedly identified in north Algeria, with 4.56% lately detected to possess respective neutralizing antibodies. However, evidence for TOSV has only been observed in dogs among various species of domestic animals. Therefore, we attempted to assess sera from 221 livestock comprising cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits and horses, to identify the presence of TOSV neutralizing antibodies. The study was conducted during 2017, in 11 areas from the governorates of Blida, Medea, Algiers, Tipaza, Ain Defla, Tissemsilt in the north center, and Setif, Mila, Tizi Ouzou, Jijel in the northeast of Algeria. Positive results were obtained in 14.6% (12/82) cattle, 17.18% (11/64) sheep, 15% (3/20) horses and 3.33% (1/30) goats, whereas rabbits remained negative. Positive samples originated mainly from the north centre, with new areas being first-ever detected. The seroprevalence was noticed to be very strongly related to sample origin (p < 0.01). Females (OR=4.09) were observed to be more likely infected. Our findings represent a further proof of TOSV circulation in Algeria. Moreover, they revealed a potential role of livestock (p = 0.00731) in its natural cycle. This fact emphasize how important is to elucidate the exact contribution of livestock to the epidemiology of sandfly-borne phleboviruses, and their impact on public health.
摘要：
Toscana病毒是一种沙蝇传播的人类病原体，属于Phenuiviridae科的Phlebovirus属。它正在北非出现，对公众健康构成了复杂的威胁。TOSV严重影响了阿尔及利亚北部暴露于沙蝇的人们。最近在阿尔及利亚通过使用狗血清发现了更大的分布。在阿尔及利亚北部，多次发现狗暴露于TOSV，最近检测到4.56%具有各自的中和抗体。然而,仅在各种家畜中的狗中观察到TOSV的证据。因此,我们试图评估221只家畜的血清，包括牛，绵羊,山羊,兔子和马,以鉴定TOSV中和抗体的存在。该研究于2017年在布利达省的11个地区进行，美狄亚,阿尔及尔,Tipaza,AinDefla,北部中心的Tissemsilt,和塞蒂夫,米拉,TiziOuzou,阿尔及利亚东北部的Jijel。阳性结果为14.6%(12/82)牛,17.18%(11/64)羊,15%(3/20)马和3.33%(1/30)山羊,而兔子保持阴性。阳性样本主要来自北部中心，新的领域被首次发现。血清阳性率被注意到与样本来源非常强相关(p<0.01)。观察到女性(OR=4.09)更可能被感染。我们的发现进一步证明了TOSV在阿尔及利亚的传播。此外，他们揭示了家畜在其自然周期中的潜在作用（p=0.00731）。这一事实强调了阐明牲畜对沙蝇传播的静脉病毒流行病学的确切贡献的重要性，以及它们对公众健康的影响。
