关键词: IPA-3 PAK inhibitor Trichophyton rubrum actin polymerization dermatophytosis p21-activated kinase

Mesh : Animals Humans Antifungal Agents / pharmacology Actins Trichophyton / genetics Polymerization Quality of Life Mammals

来  源:   DOI:10.1128/spectrum.02923-23   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: Superficial fungal infections, such as athlete\'s foot, affect more than 10% of the world\'s population and have a significant impact on quality of life. Despite the fact that treatment-resistant fungi are a concern, there are just a few antifungal drug targets accessible, as opposed to the wide range of therapeutic targets found in bacterial infections. As a result, additional alternatives are sought. In this study, we generated a PAK TrCla4 deletion strain (∆Trcla4) of Trichophyton rubrum. The ∆Trcla4 strain exhibited deficiencies in mycelial growth, hyphal morphology, and polarized actin localization at the hyphal tip. IPA-3 and FRAX486, small chemical inhibitors of mammalian PAK, were discovered to limit fungal mycelial proliferation. According to our findings, fungal PAKs are interesting therapeutic targets for the development of new antifungal medicines.
摘要:
皮肤癣菌通过菌丝生长侵入并定植宿主表面组织。尽管细胞骨架重组及其调节对菌丝生长至关重要,皮肤癣菌的分子机制及其作为抗真菌药物靶标的适用性仍然知之甚少。p21活化激酶(PAK)是小GTP酶Rac和CDC42的下游效应子,也称为p21,参与各种分子和细胞功能,包括肌动蛋白聚合和细胞形态发生。在这项研究中,我们研究了PAK蛋白TrCla4对红色毛癣菌形态发生和菌丝体生长的贡献,最常见的真菌在皮肤癣菌病(运动员脚)。肌动蛋白聚合抑制剂,细胞松弛素A抑制菌丝尖端的肌动蛋白积累和红毛虫的菌丝生长,表明肌动蛋白细胞骨架参与菌丝生长。在Trcla4敲除菌株(ΔTrcla4)中,我们观察到菌丝生长的缺陷,菌丝分支,和聚合肌动蛋白在菌丝尖端的积累。TrRac依赖性TrCla4激酶活性的化学抑制剂,FRAX486和IPA-3也抑制孢子萌发和菌丝体生长。有趣的是,当用这些抑制剂处理时,ΔTrcl4对菌丝体生长没有额外的抑制作用,这表明它们的抑制作用主要是通过TrCla4介导的。在无脊椎动物皮肤癣菌感染模型中,感染ΔTrcla4的动物比感染野生型的动物有更高的存活率,IPA-3和FRAX486处理均显著提高动物存活率。这些结果表明,皮肤癣菌PAK通过促进菌丝尖端的肌动蛋白聚合来促进菌丝生长,使其成为皮肤癣菌病的潜在治疗靶点。重要性浅表真菌感染,如运动员的脚,影响全球10%以上的人口,并对生活质量产生重大影响。尽管治疗抗性真菌是一个令人担忧的问题,只有几个抗真菌药物靶点可以接触到,与细菌感染中发现的广泛治疗目标相反。因此,寻求其他替代方案。在这项研究中,我们产生了一个红色毛癣菌的PAKTrcla4缺失菌株(ΔTrcla4)。ΔTrcla4菌株表现出菌丝体生长缺陷,菌丝形态,和极化的肌动蛋白定位在菌丝尖端。IPA-3和FRAX486,哺乳动物PAK的小型化学抑制剂,被发现限制真菌菌丝体的增殖。根据我们的发现,真菌PAKs是开发新抗真菌药物的有趣治疗靶点。
公众号