关键词: interferon interferon regulatory factor 3 mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein nonstructural protein 1 rotavirus viral protein 3

Mesh : Rotavirus / genetics physiology Humans Virus Replication Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics metabolism Interferons / metabolism genetics immunology Capsid Proteins / genetics metabolism Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / metabolism genetics Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism genetics Antigens, Viral / genetics metabolism Cell Line Rotavirus Infections / virology genetics immunology Proteolysis Host-Pathogen Interactions Immunity, Innate

来  源:   DOI:10.1128/mbio.02255-23   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: Rotavirus is an enteric RNA virus that causes severe dehydrating gastroenteritis in infants and young children through infection of enterocytes in the small intestine. Timely clearance of the virus demands a robust innate immune response by cells associated with the small intestine, including the expression of interferon (IFN). Previous studies have shown that some rotavirus strains suppress the production of interferon, by inducing the degradation of mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein and interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF3). In this study, we have used reverse genetics to generate recombinant rotaviruses expressing compromised forms of VP3 or NSP1, or both, to explore the function of these viral proteins in the degradation of MAVS and IRF3. Our results demonstrate that VP3 is responsible for MAVS depletion in rotavirus-infected cells, and through this activity, helps to suppress IFN production. Thus, VP3 functions to support the activity of rotavirus NSP1, the major interferon antagonist of the virus.
摘要:
病毒RNA与RIG-I样受体的结合触发了对干扰素(IFN)表达至关重要的线粒体抗病毒信号(MAVS)蛋白聚集体的形成。已显示几种轮状病毒毒株通过诱导MAVS降解来抑制IFN表达。依靠瞬时表达测定,先前的研究得出了关于负责MAVS降解的轮状病毒蛋白的身份的不同结论,这表明它是轮状病毒封端酶VP3或干扰素拮抗剂NSP1的活性。这里,我们已经使用重组SA11轮状病毒来鉴定负责MAVS降解的内源性病毒蛋白,并分析对MAVS的攻击如何影响IFN表达.重组病毒包括表达缺乏诱导MAVS或干扰素调节因子3(IRF3)降解能力的修饰VP3或NSP1蛋白的病毒,或者两者兼而有之。有了这些病毒,我们确定VP3指导MAVS的蛋白酶体降解,但在IRF3降解中起作用。此外,确定NSP1诱导IRF3降解,但对MAVS降解没有影响。轮状病毒感染细胞的分析表明IRF3降解比MAVS降解更有效,并且NSP1主要负责抑制感染细胞中的IFN表达。然而,VP3介导的MAVS降解有助于未能产生功能性NSP1的细胞中的IFN抑制,这表明VP3在NSP1的IFN拮抗剂活性中具有辅助作用。因此,VP3是一种多功能蛋白,具有多种抗轮状病毒先天免疫反应的活性。包括病毒(+)RNA的加帽,RNA酶L2-5A(2'-5'寡腺苷酸)信号分子的水解,和MAVS的蛋白酶体降解。IMPORTANCE轮状病毒是一种肠道RNA病毒,可通过感染小肠中的肠上皮细胞在婴幼儿中引起严重的脱水性胃肠炎。及时清除病毒需要与小肠相关的细胞产生强大的先天免疫反应,包括干扰素(IFN)的表达。以前的研究表明,一些轮状病毒株会抑制干扰素的产生,通过诱导线粒体抗病毒信号(MAVS)蛋白和干扰素调节因子-3(IRF3)的降解。在这项研究中,我们已经使用反向遗传学来产生表达受损形式的VP3或NSP1或两者的重组轮状病毒,探讨这些病毒蛋白在MAVS和IRF3降解中的作用。我们的结果表明,VP3负责轮状病毒感染细胞中MAVS的消耗,通过这次活动,有助于抑制IFN的产生。因此,VP3的功能是支持轮状病毒NSP1的活性,轮状病毒NSP1是该病毒的主要干扰素拮抗剂。
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