Abstract：
While thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide (PA) membranes are advanced for removing salts and trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) from water, TFC PA membranes encounter a water permeance-selectivity trade-off due to PA layer structural characteristics. Drawing inspiration from the excellent water permeance and solute rejection of natural biological channels, the development of analogous artificial water channels (AWCs) in TFC PA membranes (abbreviated as AWCM) promises to achieve superior mass transfer efficiency, enabling breaking the upper bound of water permeance and selectivity. Herein, we first discussed the types and structural characteristics of AWCs, followed by summarizing the methods for constructing AWCM. We discussed whether the AWCs acted as the primary mass transfer channels in AWCM and emphasized the important role of the AWCs in water transport and ion/TrOCs rejection. We thoroughly summarized the molecular-level mechanisms and structure-performance relationship of water molecules, ions, and TrOCs transport in the confined nanospace of AWCs, which laid the foundation for illustrating the enhanced water permeance and salt/TrOCs selectivity of AWCM. Finally, we discussed the challenges encountered in the field of AWCM and proposed future perspectives for practical applications. This review is expected to offer guidance for understanding the transport mechanisms of AWCM and developing next-generation membrane for effective water treatment.
摘要：
虽然薄膜复合（TFC）聚酰胺（PA）膜用于去除水中的盐和痕量有机污染物（TrOCs），由于PA层的结构特征,TFCPA膜遇到水渗透-选择性折衷。从天然生物通道的优良透水性和溶质排斥中汲取灵感，在TFCPA膜（缩写为AWCM）中开发类似的人工水通道（AFC）有望实现卓越的传质效率，能够打破水渗透性和选择性的上限。在这里，我们首先讨论了AWC的类型和结构特点，然后总结了AWCM的构造方法。我们讨论了AWC是否充当AWCM中的主要传质通道，并强调了AWC在水传输和离子/TrOCs排斥中的重要作用。我们全面总结了水分子的分子水平机理和结构-性能关系，离子,和TRC在AWC的受限纳米空间中的传输，为说明AWCM增强的水渗透性和盐/TrOCs选择性奠定了基础。最后,我们讨论了AWCM领域遇到的挑战，并提出了未来的实际应用前景。这篇综述有望为理解AWCM的传输机制和开发用于有效水处理的下一代膜提供指导。
