PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Most of the studies on the effect of trait positive affect (PA) and cardiovascular activity have focused on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) rather than heart rate variability (HRV). However, trait PA might sustain homeostasis for the autonomic system (ANS) by reducing activity in the sympathetic system (SNS) and increasing the activity in the parasympathetic system (PNS). A common index for the PNS is the vagal tone measured indirectly through HRV. The present study assessed whether trait PA influences cardiovascular response to various stress tasks by monitoring participants\' HRV measured by RMSSD (root mean square of successive differences) along with HR and interbeat interval (IBI). A total of 54 participants performed various cognitive tasks and Trier Social Stress Tasks while their vital signs were monitored, and trait PA was measured with PANAS. The cognitive tasks included both high- and low-stress tasks, including fatigue-inducing 20 min Stroop tasks. The results showed overall higher HRV as measured by RMSSD for participants who have higher levels of trait PA, indicating more PNS activity compared with low-trait-PA individuals, particularly at the end of the task performance during the fatigue induction. High-trait-PA individuals also had a lower HR during the fatigue-inducing task and a higher IBI. The results support previous work by further indicating a more adaptive response and consequently better emotional regulation for high-trait-PA individuals in a complex, prolonged task setting.
摘要：
大多数关于特质积极影响（PA）和心血管活动的影响的研究都集中在心率（HR）和血压（BP）上，而不是心率变异性（HRV）。然而,性状PA可能通过减少交感神经系统（SNS）的活动和增加副交感神经系统（PNS）的活动来维持自主系统（ANS）的稳态。PNS的常见指标是通过HRV间接测量的迷走神经张力。本研究通过监测由RMSSD（连续差异的均方根）测量的参与者的HRV以及HR和搏动间隔（IBI）来评估特质PA是否会影响心血管对各种压力任务的反应。共有54名参与者执行各种认知任务和特里尔社会压力任务，同时监测他们的生命体征，用PANAS测量性状PA。认知任务包括高压力和低压力任务，包括诱发疲劳的20分钟Stroop任务。结果显示，对于具有较高水平PA的参与者，通过RMSSD测量的整体HRV较高，表明与低性状PA个体相比，PNS活性更高，特别是在疲劳诱导期间的任务性能结束时。高性状PA个体在疲劳诱导任务期间也具有较低的HR和较高的IBI。结果支持了先前的工作，进一步表明在复杂的高性状PA个体中，适应性反应更强，因此情绪调节更好。延长任务设置。
