Abstract：
The Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) continuum is a unique spectrum of cognitive impairment that typically involves the stages of subjective memory complaints (SMC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD dementia. Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), such as apathy, anxiety, stress, and depression, are highly common throughout the AD continuum. However, there is a dearth of research on how these NPS vary across the AD continuum, especially SMC. There is also disagreement on the effects of specific NPS on each stage of the AD continuum due to their collinearity with other NPS, cognitive decline, and environmental factors (e.g., stress). In this article, we conduct a novel perspective review of the scientific literature to understand the presence of NPS across the AD continuum. Specifically, we review the effects of apathy, depression, anxiety, and stress in AD, MCI, and SMC. We then build on this knowledge by proposing two theories of NPS\' occurrence across the AD continuum. Consequently, we highlight the current landscape, limitations (e.g., differing operationalization), and contentions surrounding the NPS literature. We also outline theories that could clear up contention and inspire future NPS research.
摘要：
阿尔茨海默病（AD）连续体是认知障碍的独特频谱，通常涉及主观记忆投诉（SMC）的阶段，轻度认知障碍（MCI），和AD痴呆症。神经精神症状（NPS），比如冷漠，焦虑,压力，和抑郁症,在整个AD连续体中非常普遍。然而,缺乏关于这些NPS在AD连续体中如何变化的研究，尤其是SMC。由于特定NPS与其他NPS的共线性，它们对AD连续体每个阶段的影响也存在分歧。认知能力下降,和环境因素(例如，stress).在这篇文章中,我们对科学文献进行了新颖的视角回顾，以了解NPS在AD连续体中的存在。具体来说,我们回顾了冷漠的影响，抑郁症,焦虑,和AD的压力，MCI和SMC。然后，我们通过提出在AD连续体中NPS发生的两种理论来建立这些知识。因此,我们强调当前的景观，限制(例如，不同的操作)，以及围绕NPS文献的争论。我们还概述了可以消除争论并激发未来NPS研究的理论。
