Abstract：
We describe the language ability of children at age 9.5 years who were born to women with an opioid use disorder and examine the associations between prenatal opioid exposure, sex, social adversity, caregiver psychological factors, and child language. Data were drawn from the regional prospective longitudinal Canterbury Methadone in Pregnancy study. At the 9.5-year wave, 80 children who were born to mothers in Methadone Maintenance Treatment and their caregivers, and 98 non-exposed comparison children were assessed using a comprehensive standardized measure of language. Information related to social adversity and caregiver psychological factors was obtained from comprehensive caregiver interviews. At age 9.5 years, opioid-exposed children had lower language scores than the non-exposed children, however their group average was within the normal range on the CELF-4 norms. A series of multivariate hierarchical regression models predicting low language at 9.5 years showed sex and opioid-exposure status predicted low language in the first step. The addition of social adversity factors significantly improved the model. The further addition of caregiver psychological factors did not improve prediction. Only sex was a significant predictor throughout. In this sample, children prenatally exposed to opioids were at higher risk of low language outcomes. However, the child being male and social adversity were important influencing factors. This suggests early language support services are indicated for opioid-exposed children, particularly boys and those in socially adverse circumstances.
摘要：
我们描述了患有阿片类药物使用障碍的女性所生的9.5岁儿童的语言能力，并检查了产前阿片类药物暴露之间的关联。性别,社会逆境,照顾者的心理因素，儿童语言。数据来自区域前瞻性纵向坎特伯雷美沙酮妊娠研究。在9.5年的浪潮中，80名母亲在美沙酮维持治疗中出生的儿童及其照顾者，和98名非暴露对照儿童使用综合标准语言测量进行了评估.从全面的照顾者访谈中获得了与社会逆境和照顾者心理因素有关的信息。在9.5岁时，阿片类药物暴露儿童的语言得分低于未暴露儿童，然而,他们的组平均值在CELF-4标准的正常范围内.一系列预测9.5岁时低语言的多变量分层回归模型显示，性别和阿片类药物暴露状态在第一步中预测低语言。社会逆境因素的加入显著改善了模型。进一步增加照顾者心理因素并没有改善预测。在整个过程中，只有性别是一个重要的预测因素。在这个样本中，产前接触阿片类药物的儿童出现低语言结局的风险较高.然而,儿童为男性和社会逆境是重要的影响因素。这表明早期语言支持服务适用于阿片类药物暴露的儿童，特别是男孩和那些在社会不利的情况下。
