Abstract：
Parkinson\'s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease among adults worldwide. It is characterised by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and, in some cases, presence of intracytoplasmic inclusions of α-synuclein, called Lewy bodies, a pathognomonic sign of the disease. Clinical diagnosis of PD is based on the presence of motor alterations. The treatments currently available have no neuroprotective effect. The exact causes of PD are poorly understood. Therefore, more precise preclinical models have been developed in recent years that use induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). In vitro studies can provide new information on PD pathogenesis and may help to identify new therapeutic targets or to develop new drugs.
摘要：
帕金森病(PD)是全球成年人中第二常见的神经退行性疾病。它的特征是黑质中多巴胺能神经元的死亡，在某些情况下,存在α-突触核蛋白的胞浆内包涵体，叫做路易体，这种疾病的病理标志。PD的临床诊断基于运动改变的存在。目前可用的治疗方法没有神经保护作用。PD的确切原因知之甚少。因此,近年来已经开发了使用诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)的更精确的临床前模型.体外研究可以提供有关PD发病机制的新信息，并可能有助于确定新的治疗靶标或开发新的药物。
