Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Bethanechol has demonstrated improvement in trachealis tone in animal models, but no trials have studied efficacy in infants. This study aimed to examine if bethanechol improves a standardized pulmonary severity score (PSS) in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia with a diagnosis of tracheobronchomalacia (TBM).
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study evaluated cases treated with bethanechol matched with controls who did not receive bethanechol. TBM was diagnosed by dynamic computography. Daily PSS was recorded for each infant from 40 to 55 weeks post-menstrual age.
RESULTS: Cases\' mean PSS change was 21% lower than the controls\' mean PSS change pre- and post-bethanechol (95% CI -40%, -2%) by paired t-test (p = 0.03). Matched differences (controls\' PSS - cases\' PSS) demonstrated greater mean PSS difference post-bethanechol compared to pre-bethanechol 0.17, (95% CI 0.05, 0.29) by paired t-test (p = 0.009).
CONCLUSIONS: Infants with TBM treated with bethanechol compared to those not treated had a lower PSS reflecting improved respiratory status.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study evaluated cases treated with bethanechol matched with controls who did not receive bethanechol. TBM was diagnosed by dynamic computography. Daily PSS was recorded for each infant from 40 to 55 weeks post-menstrual age.
RESULTS: Cases\' mean PSS change was 21% lower than the controls\' mean PSS change pre- and post-bethanechol (95% CI -40%, -2%) by paired t-test (p = 0.03). Matched differences (controls\' PSS - cases\' PSS) demonstrated greater mean PSS difference post-bethanechol compared to pre-bethanechol 0.17, (95% CI 0.05, 0.29) by paired t-test (p = 0.009).
CONCLUSIONS: Infants with TBM treated with bethanechol compared to those not treated had a lower PSS reflecting improved respiratory status.
摘要：
目的：在动物模型中，Bethanechol已证明可以改善气管张力，但没有试验研究婴儿的疗效。这项研究旨在检查苯甲酚是否可以改善诊断为气管支气管软化症（TBM）的严重支气管肺发育不良婴儿的标准化肺部严重程度评分（PSS）。
方法：这项回顾性队列研究评估了接受氨甲酚治疗的病例与未接受氨甲酚治疗的对照组相匹配。通过动态计算机对TBM进行诊断。从月经后40至55周龄的每个婴儿记录每日PSS。
结果：病例平均PSS变化比对照组平均PSS变化低21%（95%CI-40%，-2%)通过配对t检验(p=0.03)。通过配对t检验（p=0.009），匹配的差异（对照PSS-病例PSS）表明，与Behanechol前0.17相比，Behanechol后平均PSS差异更大（95％CI0.05，0.29）。
结论：与未治疗的婴儿相比，接受氨甲胆碱治疗的TBM婴儿的PSS较低，反映出呼吸状态的改善。
方法：这项回顾性队列研究评估了接受氨甲酚治疗的病例与未接受氨甲酚治疗的对照组相匹配。通过动态计算机对TBM进行诊断。从月经后40至55周龄的每个婴儿记录每日PSS。
结果：病例平均PSS变化比对照组平均PSS变化低21%（95%CI-40%，-2%)通过配对t检验(p=0.03)。通过配对t检验（p=0.009），匹配的差异（对照PSS-病例PSS）表明，与Behanechol前0.17相比，Behanechol后平均PSS差异更大（95％CI0.05，0.29）。
结论：与未治疗的婴儿相比，接受氨甲胆碱治疗的TBM婴儿的PSS较低，反映出呼吸状态的改善。
