Abstract：
Sulfur (S) is an important macronutrient that is widely distributed in nature. Understanding the patterns and mechanisms of S dynamics is of great significance for accurately predicting the geophysical and chemical cycles of S and formulating policies for S emission and management. We systematically investigated and integrated 17,618 natural plots in China\'s terrestrial ecosystems and built a S density database of vegetation (including leaves, branches, stems, and roots) and surface soil (0-30 cm depth). The biogeographic patterns and environmental drivers of the S content, density, and storage in the vegetation and soil of terrestrial ecosystems were explored. Vegetation and soil were the major components of terrestrial ecosystems, storing a total of 2228.77 ± 121.72 Tg S, with mean S densities of 4.32 ± 0.04 × 10-2, and 267.93 ± 14.94 × 10-2 t hm-2, respectively. The forest was the most important vegetation S pool and their S storage accounted for about 55.28 % of the total vegetation S storage, whereas soil S pools of croplands and other vegetation types (e.g., deserts and wetlands) accounted for about 63.18 % of the total soil S storage. The mean S density (2.18 ± 0.02 × 10-2 t hm-2) and S storage (12.45 ± 0.31 Tg) of plant roots were significantly higher than those of other organs. The spatial variation in the S density was mainly regulated by climate and soil properties, reflecting the physiological adaptation mechanisms of plants by adjusting the S uptake and distribution to cope with climate change. In this study, the spatial patterns of S density and storage in vegetation and soil in terrestrial ecosystems of China and their response to environmental factors on a national scale were systematically studied. The results provide insights into the biological functions of S and its role in plant-environment interactions.
摘要：
硫(S)是自然界中广泛分布的重要常量营养素。了解S动力学的规律和机制对于准确预测S的地球物理和化学循环以及制定S的排放和管理政策具有重要意义。我们系统地调查和整合了中国陆地生态系统中的17,618个自然地块，并建立了植被的S密度数据库（包括叶子，分支,茎,和根）和表层土壤（0-30厘米深）。S含量的生物地理模式和环境驱动因素，密度,探索了陆地生态系统在植被和土壤中的储存。植被和土壤是陆地生态系统的主要组成部分，储存总共2228.77±121.72TgS，平均S密度分别为4.32±0.04×10-2和267.93±14.94×10-2thm-2。森林是最重要的植被S库，其S储量约占植被S储量的55.28％，而农田和其他植被类型的土壤S库(例如，沙漠和湿地）约占土壤总S储量的63.18％。植物根系的平均S密度（2.18±0.02×10-2thm-2）和S存储（12.45±0.31Tg）显着高于其他器官。S密度的空间变化主要受气候和土壤特性的调节，通过调节S的吸收和分配来反映植物的生理适应机制，以应对气候变化。在这项研究中,在全国范围内系统研究了中国陆地生态系统中植被和土壤S密度和储量的空间格局及其对环境因子的响应。该结果提供了对S的生物学功能及其在植物与环境相互作用中的作用的见解。
