Abstract：
Airborne infection control (AIC) is a less focused aspect of tuberculosis (TB) prevention. We describe AIC practices in primary health care centres, awareness and practices of AIC among health care providers (HCPs) and TB patients. We implemented a package of interventions to improve awareness and practices among them and assessed its impact.
The study used a quasi-experimental study design. A semi-structured checklist was used for health facility assessment and a self-administered questionnaire of HCPs. Pre- and postintervention assessments were made in urban primary health centers (UPHCs), HCPs, and patients. Interventions included sharing facility-specific recommendations, AIC plans and guidelines, HCP training, and patient education. Statistical difference between the two time periods was assessed using the Chi-square test.
A total of 23 and 25 UPHCs were included for pre- and postintervention assessments. All 25 centers participated in interventions. Open areas were >20% of ground area in all facilities. No AIC committee was present in any of the facilities at both pre- and postintervention. Of all HCPs, 7% (23/337) versus 65% (202/310) had undergone AIC training. Good awareness improved from 24% (81/337) to 71% (220/310) after intervention (P < 0.001). Appropriate cough hygiene was known to 20% (51/262) versus 58% (152/263) patients at two assessments (P < 0.001).
Comprehensive intervention, including supportive supervision of health centers, training of HCPs, and patient education, can improve AIC practices.
The study used a quasi-experimental study design. A semi-structured checklist was used for health facility assessment and a self-administered questionnaire of HCPs. Pre- and postintervention assessments were made in urban primary health centers (UPHCs), HCPs, and patients. Interventions included sharing facility-specific recommendations, AIC plans and guidelines, HCP training, and patient education. Statistical difference between the two time periods was assessed using the Chi-square test.
A total of 23 and 25 UPHCs were included for pre- and postintervention assessments. All 25 centers participated in interventions. Open areas were >20% of ground area in all facilities. No AIC committee was present in any of the facilities at both pre- and postintervention. Of all HCPs, 7% (23/337) versus 65% (202/310) had undergone AIC training. Good awareness improved from 24% (81/337) to 71% (220/310) after intervention (P < 0.001). Appropriate cough hygiene was known to 20% (51/262) versus 58% (152/263) patients at two assessments (P < 0.001).
Comprehensive intervention, including supportive supervision of health centers, training of HCPs, and patient education, can improve AIC practices.
摘要：
■空中感染控制（AIC）是结核病（TB）预防的重点较少。我们描述了初级卫生保健中心的AIC实践，卫生保健提供者(HCPs)和结核病患者对AIC的认识和实践。我们实施了一揽子干预措施，以提高其中的认识和做法，并评估其影响。
■该研究采用了准实验研究设计。使用半结构化清单进行医疗机构评估，并对HCP进行自我管理问卷。在城市初级卫生中心(UPHC)进行了干预前和干预后评估，HCP,和病人。干预措施包括分享针对具体设施的建议，AIC计划和指导方针，HCP培训，和病人的教育。使用卡方检验评估两个时间段之间的统计学差异。
■总共包括23和25个UPHC用于干预前后评估。所有25个中心都参与了干预措施。在所有设施中，开放面积>地面面积的20%。在干预前和干预后，任何设施中都没有AIC委员会。在所有HCP中，7%(23/337)和65%(202/310)接受过AIC训练。干预后知晓率从24%(81/337)提高到71%(220/310)(P<0.001)。在两次评估中，20%(51/262)对58%(152/263)的患者已知适当的咳嗽卫生(P<0.001)。
■全面干预，包括对卫生中心的支持性监督，HCPs的培训，和病人教育，可以改善AIC实践。
■该研究采用了准实验研究设计。使用半结构化清单进行医疗机构评估，并对HCP进行自我管理问卷。在城市初级卫生中心(UPHC)进行了干预前和干预后评估，HCP,和病人。干预措施包括分享针对具体设施的建议，AIC计划和指导方针，HCP培训，和病人的教育。使用卡方检验评估两个时间段之间的统计学差异。
■总共包括23和25个UPHC用于干预前后评估。所有25个中心都参与了干预措施。在所有设施中，开放面积>地面面积的20%。在干预前和干预后，任何设施中都没有AIC委员会。在所有HCP中，7%(23/337)和65%(202/310)接受过AIC训练。干预后知晓率从24%(81/337)提高到71%(220/310)(P<0.001)。在两次评估中，20%(51/262)对58%(152/263)的患者已知适当的咳嗽卫生(P<0.001)。
■全面干预，包括对卫生中心的支持性监督，HCPs的培训，和病人教育，可以改善AIC实践。
