Abstract：
Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that early introduction of allergenic foods, such as peanut and egg, can reduce food allergy in high-risk children. Many international guidelines recommend introduction of allergenic foods in the first year of life, and accordingly, the Swedish National Food agency released updated guidelines in June 2019.
Our aim was to examine whether the age at introduction and consumption frequency of allergenic foods have changed since release of the revised national guidelines on the introduction of solid foods in Sweden.
Children born between June 2016 and December 2018 (n = 1925) were compared with children born between June 2019 and April 2021 (n = 1761) by using data from the NorthPop Birth Cohort study. Data on food introduction, eczema, and food allergy were prospectively collected until age 18 months by using web-based questionnaires. IgE sensitization was assessed at 18 age months.
The proportion of participants who had been introduced to egg, legume, soy products, peanut, almond, and cashew nut during the first year of life increased after implementation of the revised national guidelines. The most significant changes were seen for legume (from 55.2% to 69.8% [adjusted odds ratio = 1.90 (95% CI = 1.62-2.24)]) and peanut (from 29.2% to 43.2% adjusted odds ratio = 1.87 (95% CI = 1.55-2.24)]); consumption frequency had also increased. No differences in the prevalence of eczema, food allergy, or sensitization to the foods of interest were found.
Since release of the revised guidelines, infants in the general population are introduced to and consume a variety of allergenic foods earlier and more frequently; however, early manifestations of allergic disease have remained unchanged.
Our aim was to examine whether the age at introduction and consumption frequency of allergenic foods have changed since release of the revised national guidelines on the introduction of solid foods in Sweden.
Children born between June 2016 and December 2018 (n = 1925) were compared with children born between June 2019 and April 2021 (n = 1761) by using data from the NorthPop Birth Cohort study. Data on food introduction, eczema, and food allergy were prospectively collected until age 18 months by using web-based questionnaires. IgE sensitization was assessed at 18 age months.
The proportion of participants who had been introduced to egg, legume, soy products, peanut, almond, and cashew nut during the first year of life increased after implementation of the revised national guidelines. The most significant changes were seen for legume (from 55.2% to 69.8% [adjusted odds ratio = 1.90 (95% CI = 1.62-2.24)]) and peanut (from 29.2% to 43.2% adjusted odds ratio = 1.87 (95% CI = 1.55-2.24)]); consumption frequency had also increased. No differences in the prevalence of eczema, food allergy, or sensitization to the foods of interest were found.
Since release of the revised guidelines, infants in the general population are introduced to and consume a variety of allergenic foods earlier and more frequently; however, early manifestations of allergic disease have remained unchanged.
摘要：
背景：随机对照试验表明，早期引入过敏性食物，比如花生和鸡蛋，可以减少高危儿童的食物过敏。许多国际准则建议在生命的第一年引入，因此，瑞典国家食品机构于2019年6月发布了更新的指南.
目的：研究自瑞典发布修订的固体食品国家指南以来，过敏性食品的引入年龄和消费频率是否发生了变化。
方法：使用NorthPop出生队列研究的数据，将2016年6月至2018年12月出生的儿童（n=1925）与2019年6月至2021年4月出生的儿童（n=1761）进行比较。关于食物介绍的数据，使用基于网络的问卷前瞻性地收集直到18个月大的湿疹和食物过敏.在18月龄时评估IgE致敏。
结果：引入鸡蛋的比例，豆类,大豆蛋白，花生,实施修订后的国家准则后，杏仁和腰果在第一年寿命增加。豆类（55.2％至69.8％aOR1.90（95％CI：1.62-2.24）和花生（29.2％至43.2％aOR1.87（95％CI：1.55-2.24）的变化最显著，消费频率也增加。湿疹的患病率没有差异，发现食物过敏或对感兴趣的食物过敏。
结论：自修订指南发布以来，普通人群中的婴儿更早和更频繁地引入和食用各种过敏性食物，而过敏性疾病的早期表现保持不变。
目的：研究自瑞典发布修订的固体食品国家指南以来，过敏性食品的引入年龄和消费频率是否发生了变化。
方法：使用NorthPop出生队列研究的数据，将2016年6月至2018年12月出生的儿童（n=1925）与2019年6月至2021年4月出生的儿童（n=1761）进行比较。关于食物介绍的数据，使用基于网络的问卷前瞻性地收集直到18个月大的湿疹和食物过敏.在18月龄时评估IgE致敏。
结果：引入鸡蛋的比例，豆类,大豆蛋白，花生,实施修订后的国家准则后，杏仁和腰果在第一年寿命增加。豆类（55.2％至69.8％aOR1.90（95％CI：1.62-2.24）和花生（29.2％至43.2％aOR1.87（95％CI：1.55-2.24）的变化最显著，消费频率也增加。湿疹的患病率没有差异，发现食物过敏或对感兴趣的食物过敏。
结论：自修订指南发布以来，普通人群中的婴儿更早和更频繁地引入和食用各种过敏性食物，而过敏性疾病的早期表现保持不变。
