Abstract：
The heterogeneity of plastisphere and soil can lead to variation in microbiome, potentially impacting soil functions. Current studies of the plastisphere have mainly focused on bacterial communities, and fungal communities are poorly understood. Biodegradable and conventional microplastics may recruit specific microbial taxa due to their different biodegradability. Herein, we collected polyethylene (PE) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate/polylactide (PBAT/PLA) microplastics in farmland (Hebei, China) and characterized the fungal community in PE and PBAT/PLA plastisphere. Results from high-throughput sequencing showed significantly lower alpha diversity and distinct composition of fungal community in PBAT/PLA plastisphere compared to PE plastisphere. Additionally, the PBAT/PLA plastisphere demonstrated a significant enrichment of fungal taxa with potential plastic-degrading capability such as Nectriaceae, Pleosporaceae and Didymellaceae. The stochasticity of drift (28.7-43.5 %) and dispersal limitation (38.6-39.4 %) were dominant in the assembly of PE and PBAT/PLA plastisphere fungal community. Higher stable and more complex network in PBAT/PLA plastispheres were observed as compared to PE plastisphere. Besides, the total relative abundance of plant and animal pathogens were higher in PBAT/PLA plastisphere than that in PE plastisphere, suggesting that biodegradable microplastics may pose a higher threat to soil health. This study contributes to our understanding of the characteristics of plastisphere fungal communities in soil environments and the associated risks to terrestrial ecosystems resulting from microplastic accumulation.
摘要：
质体和土壤的异质性可导致微生物组的变化，可能影响土壤功能。目前对质体的研究主要集中在细菌群落上，和真菌群落知之甚少。生物可降解和常规微塑料由于其不同的生物降解性可以招募特定的微生物类群。在这里，我们收集了农田中的聚乙烯（PE）和聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚乳酸（PBAT/PLA）微塑料（河北，中国）并对PE和PBAT/PLA质体中的真菌群落进行了表征。高通量测序结果显示，与PE质体相比，PBAT/PLA质体中的α多样性和真菌群落的不同组成显着降低。此外,PBAT/PLA质体显示出真菌类群的显着富集，具有潜在的塑料降解能力，例如Nectriaceae，请孢科和丁孢科。在PE和PBAT/PLA质体真菌群落的组装中，漂移的随机性（28.7-43.5％）和扩散限制（38.6-39.4％）占主导地位。与PE质体相比,在PBAT/PLA质体中观察到更高的稳定和更复杂的网络。此外,PBAT/PLA质体中动植物病原体的总相对丰度高于PE质体，这表明可生物降解的微塑料可能对土壤健康构成更大的威胁。这项研究有助于我们了解土壤环境中质体真菌群落的特征以及微塑料积累对陆地生态系统的相关风险。
