Abstract：
Microalgae have characteristics that make them unique and full of potential. Their capacity to generate interesting bioactive molecules can add value to various industrial applications. However, most of these valuable compounds are intracellular, which makes their extraction a major bottleneck. Conventional extraction methodologies have some drawbacks, such as low eco-friendly character, high costs and energy demand, long treatment times, low selectivity and reduced extraction yields, as well as degradation of extracted compounds. The gaps found for these methods demonstrate that emergent approaches, such as ohmic heating, pulsed electric fields, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, or high-pressure processing, show potential to overcome the current drawbacks in the release and extraction of added-value compounds from microalgae. These new processing techniques can potentially extract a variety of compounds, making the process more profitable and applicable to large scales. This review provides an overview of the most important and promising factors to consider in the extraction methodologies applied to microalgae. Additionally, it delivers broad knowledge of the present impact of these methods on biomass and its compounds, raising the possibility of applying them in an integrated manner within a biorefinery concept.
摘要：
微藻具有使其独特和充满潜力的特性。它们产生有趣的生物活性分子的能力可以为各种工业应用增加价值。然而,这些有价值的化合物大部分是细胞内的，这使得他们的提取成为一个主要的瓶颈。传统的提取方法有一些缺点，比如低生态友好的性格，高成本和能源需求，治疗时间长,低选择性和降低提取率，以及提取的化合物的降解。这些方法发现的差距表明，紧急方法，如欧姆加热，脉冲电场,离子液体,低共熔溶剂，或高压处理，显示出克服当前从微藻中释放和提取附加值化合物的缺点的潜力。这些新的加工技术可以潜在地提取各种化合物，使该过程更有利可图，适用于大规模。这篇综述概述了应用于微藻的提取方法中需要考虑的最重要和最有前途的因素。此外,它提供了这些方法对生物质及其化合物的当前影响的广泛知识，提高了在生物炼制概念内以综合方式应用它们的可能性。
