Abstract：
To understand the current quality status and rearing situation of Bombyx Batryticatus, the authors collected 102 batches of Bombyx Batryticatus from different main producing areas and five major Chinese medicine markets from 2016 to 2018, and measured the properties and quality of the silk gland, to clarify the quality status of Bombyx Batryticatus from different producing areas and markets. In addition, 35 batches of Bombyx Batryticatus from 2019 to 2022 were used to verify the silk gland after revision. Moreover, Beauveria Bassiana was inoculated in the silkworm of 4-5 instars, and standardized rearing was carried out until they die. The death rate and the quality of Bombyx Batryticatus were measured to determine the differences in Bombyx Batryticatus of different instars, and explore the rationality of the infection age of Bombyx Batryticatus in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020). The results revealed that in the 102 batches of Bombyx Batryticatus, the qualification rate of silk gland was low; the content of total ash far exceeded the standard; the content of beauvericin varied greatly. The qualification rate of the silk gland of the 35 batches of Bombyx Batryticatus was only 47.49%, which could be increased to 73.00% if the number of silk gland was 2 to 4. The death rate of Bombyx Batryticatus at different infection ages was quite different, with uneven quality. Generally, the yield of Bombyx Batryticatus inoculated on the first day of the fifth instar was high with good quality. Therefore, in combination with the quality and actual production of Bombyx Batryticatus, the following suggestions were proposed for revision of Bombyx Batryticatus in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2025): The number of silk gland should be revised as 2-4 bright brown or bright black silk glands, after which, the quality of Bombyx Batryticatus could be guaranteed, and the "quality identification based on character" could also be reflected scientifically; the content determination index that the content of beauvericin shall not be less than 0.017% should be added to better control the quality of Bombyx Batryticatus; the infection age should be revised as the first day of the fifth instar to narrow the age span, which could better fit the actual production and ensure the quality of Bombyx Batryticatus.
摘要：
了解家蚕的质量现状和饲养情况,作者于2016-2018年从不同主产区和五大中药市场采集了102批BombyxBatryticatus,明确不同产地和市场家蚕的质量状况。此外,使用2019年至2022年的35批BombyxBatryticatus进行了修订后的丝腺验证。此外，将白僵菌接种在4-5龄蚕中，进行标准化饲养直到他们死亡。对BombyxBatryticatus的死亡率和质量进行了测量，以确定不同幼虫的BombyxBatryticatus的差异，并探讨《中国药典》(2020年)中僵蚕感染年龄的合理性。结果表明，在102个批次的BombyxBatryticatus中，丝腺合格率低；总灰分含量远远超标；白僵素含量差异较大。35批家蚕的丝腺合格率仅为47.49%,如果丝腺的数量为2至4，则可以增加到73.00％。BombyxBatryticatus在不同感染年龄的死亡率差异很大，质量参差不齐。一般来说,在五龄的第一天接种的BombyxBatryticatus的产量高，质量好。因此,结合BombyxBatryticatus的质量和实际生产，对《中国药典》(2025年)中结蚕的修订建议:丝腺数应修订为2-4个亮棕色或亮黑色丝腺，之后，BombyxBatryticatus的质量可以得到保证，基于性状的质量鉴定也可以得到科学的反映；应增加白僵素含量不低于0.017%的含量测定指标，以更好地控制BombyxBatryticatus的质量；感染年龄应修改为第五龄的第一天，以缩小年龄跨度，能更好地满足实际生产的需要,保证了结蚕的质量。
