Abstract:
Nucleic acids provide a promising therapeutic platform by targeting various cell signaling pathways involved in cancer and genetic disorders. However, maintaining optimal stability during delivery limits their utility. Nucleic acid delivery vehicles are generally categorized into biological and synthetic carriers. Regardless of the efficiency of biological vectors, such as viral vectors, issues related to their immunogenicity and carcinogenesis are very important and vital for clinical applications. On the other hand, synthetic vectors such as lipids or polymers, have been widely used for nucleic acid delivery. Despite their transfection efficiency, low storage stability, targeting inefficiency, and tracking limitations are among the limitations of the clinical application of these vectors. In the past decades, gold nanoparticles with unique properties have been shown to be highly efficient mineral vectors for overcoming these obstacles. In this review, we focus on gold nanoparticle-nucleic acid combinations and highlight their use in the treatment of various types of cancers. Furthermore, by stating the biological applications of these structures, we will discuss their clinical applications.
摘要:
核酸通过靶向涉及癌症和遗传疾病的各种细胞信号传导途径提供了有希望的治疗平台。然而,在交付过程中保持最佳稳定性限制了它们的效用。核酸递送载体通常分为生物和合成载体。不管生物载体的效率如何,如病毒载体,与它们的免疫原性和致癌作用有关的问题对于临床应用非常重要和至关重要。另一方面,合成载体,如脂质或聚合物,已广泛用于核酸递送。尽管它们的转染效率,储存稳定性低,瞄准低效率,和跟踪限制是这些载体临床应用的限制之一。在过去的几十年里,具有独特性质的金纳米粒子已被证明是克服这些障碍的高效矿物载体。在这次审查中,我们专注于金纳米颗粒-核酸组合,并强调它们在治疗各种类型癌症中的应用。此外,通过说明这些结构的生物学应用,我们将讨论它们的临床应用。