Abstract：
Published data on tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in camels worldwide have been collected to provide an overview of the global prevalence and species diversity of camelid TBPs. Several TBPs have been detected in dromedary camels, raising concerns regarding their role as natural or maintenance hosts for tick-borne pathogens. Insubstantial evidence exists regarding the natural infection of camels with Babesia spp., Theileria spp., Anaplasma spp., and Ehrlichia spp., particularly because most of the camels were considered healthy at the time of sampling. Based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, a pooled prevalence of 35.3% (95% CI: 22.6-48.1%) was estimated for Anaplasma, which was the most frequently tested TBP in dromedaries, and DNA of Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma centrale, Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma platys, and A. platys-like were isolated, of which ruminants and dogs are reservoirs. Similarly, the estimated pooled prevalence for the two piroplasmid genera; Babesia and Theileria was approximately equal (10-12%) regardless of the detection method (microscopy or PCR testing). Nevertheless, Babesia caballi, Theileria equi, and Theileria annulata DNA have frequently been detected in camels but they have not yet been proven to be natural hosts. Scarce data detected Babesia microti, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) DNA in blood of dromedaries, although ticks of the genus Ixodes are distributed in limited areas where dromedaries are raised. Interestingly, a pooled seroprevalence of 47.7% (26.3-69.2%) was estimated for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, and viral RNA was detected in dromedary blood; however, their contribution to maintain the viral transmission cycles requires further experimental investigation. The substantially low incidence and scarcity of data on Rickettsia and Ehrlichia species could imply that camels were accidentally infected. In contrast, camels may play a role in the spread of Coxiella burnetii, which is primarily transmitted through the inhalation of aerosols emitted by diseased animals and contaminated environments. Bactrian camels showed no symptoms due to the examined TBPs, meanwhile, clinical disease was seen in alpacas infected with A. phagocytophilum. Similar to dromedaries, accidental tick bites may be the cause of TBP DNA found in the blood of Bactrian camels.
摘要：
已收集了有关全球骆驼中tick传播病原体（TBP）的公开数据，以概述骆驼TBP的全球患病率和物种多样性。在单峰骆驼中检测到几个TBP，引起人们对它们作为蜱传病原体的天然或维持宿主的作用的担忧。关于骆驼自然感染巴贝虫的证据不充分。,Theileriaspp.,支原体属。,和埃里希亚。,特别是因为大多数骆驼在采样时被认为是健康的。基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）测试，据估计，无性体的合并患病率为35.3%(95%CI:22.6-48.1%)，这是单峰症中最常测试的TBP，和边缘无性体的DNA,中央解脲,卵黄无菌体,无等离子平板,像平板一样被隔离，其中反刍动物和狗是水库。同样，无论采用何种检测方法(显微镜检查或PCR检测),巴贝虫和Theileria的估计合并患病率大致相等(10-12%).然而，巴贝西亚·卡巴利，Theileriaequi,经常在骆驼中检测到环形TheileriaDNA，但尚未证明它们是天然宿主。稀缺数据检测到小巴贝虫，吞噬体，和伯氏疏螺旋体在单峰动物血液中的DNA，尽管Ixodes属的蜱虫分布在单峰繁殖的有限区域。有趣的是,估计克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒的合并血清阳性率为47.7％（26.3-69.2％），和病毒RNA在单峰血中检测到；然而，它们对维持病毒传播周期的贡献需要进一步的实验研究。立克次体和埃里希体属物种的发病率极低，数据匮乏，这可能意味着骆驼是意外感染的。相比之下,骆驼可能在伯氏柯西氏菌的传播中起作用，主要通过吸入患病动物和污染环境排放的气溶胶传播。双峰骆驼由于检查的TBP而没有症状，同时,在感染吞噬细胞的羊驼中发现了临床疾病。类似于单峰疗法，意外的蜱叮咬可能是双峰骆驼血液中发现TBPDNA的原因。
