PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The BBAA subgenomes of hexaploid common wheat can be \'extracted\' to constitute a viable and self-reproducing novel tetraploid wheat, termed extracted tetraploid wheat (ETW). Prior studies have shown ETW manifesting phenotypic abnormalities and alteration in gene expression and epigenetic modifications. No population level investigation has been conducted, leaving the issue unclear regarding whether developmental stability, an essential property evolved in all natural organisms, might have been undermined in ETW. Here, we measured variations in five morphological traits and somatic chromosomal stability in populations of ETW and of its hexaploid donor, a resynthesized hexaploid and a natural tetraploid wheat. We observed phenotypic defects in ETW. Meanwhile, we documented much greater within-population variations in ETW than in the other wheat genotypes, most probably due to disrupted developmental stability in ETW. Also, somatic structural chromosome variations were detected only in ETW. Comparative transcriptome analyses indicated that the disrupted developmental stability of ETW is likely linked to massive dysregulation of genome-wide gene expression rather than to genetic mutations. Population network analysis of gene expression implicated intrinsic connectivity among the variable traits, while gene set enrichment analysis provided possible links between dysregulated gene expression and interlaced trait variation.
摘要：
六倍体普通小麦的BBAA亚基因组可以被“提取”以构成可行的和自我繁殖的新型四倍体小麦，被称为提取四倍体小麦(ETW)。先前的研究表明，ETW表现出表型异常以及基因表达和表观遗传修饰的改变。没有进行人口层面的调查,不清楚发展是否稳定，一种在所有自然有机体中进化的基本属性，可能在ETW中被破坏了。这里,我们测量了ETW及其六倍体供体种群中五个形态性状和体细胞染色体稳定性的变化，重新合成的六倍体和天然四倍体小麦。我们观察到ETW的表型缺陷。同时,我们记录了ETW的种群内变异比其他小麦基因型大得多，很可能是由于ETW发育稳定性的破坏。此外，仅在ETW中检测到体细胞结构染色体变异。比较转录组分析表明，ETW发育稳定性的破坏可能与全基因组基因表达的大规模失调有关，而不是与基因突变有关。基因表达的种群网络分析暗示了可变性状之间的内在连通性，而基因集富集分析提供了基因表达失调和交错性状变异之间的可能联系。
