PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Swallowing difficulties often occur in older adult patients during acute hospitalization, leading to reduced nutritional intake, increased frailty, and various psychosocial challenges. This randomized controlled study aimed to assess the effects of two interventions, thickeners and swallowing exercises, on the spiritual well-being, physical activity, and happiness of older adult patients with swallowing difficulties during acute hospitalization from October 2019 to August 2020. Sample size calculation was performed using a conservative estimate approach, resulting in an estimate-required sample size of 42 participants. The sampling method was a random cluster sampling approach, with three ward rooms assigned to the thickeners group, swallowing exercises group and control group, respectively. Seventy-two participants were assigned to the intervention groups (thickeners or swallowing exercises) or the control group using a 1:1:1 stratified random assignment. Data were collected before and after the intervention, and matched samples were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, and generalized estimating equations for statistical analysis. Both intervention groups showed significant improvements in spiritual well-being (p < 0.001), physical activity (p < 0.001), and happiness (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the intervention groups. Our findings suggest that interventions involving thickeners and swallowing exercises have positive effects on the spiritual well-being, physical activity, and happiness of older adult patients with swallowing difficulties during acute hospitalization and emphasize the importance of implementing these interventions to enhance the overall well-being and quality of life of this vulnerable patient population.
摘要：
老年人在急性住院期间经常发生吞咽困难。导致营养摄入减少，增加了脆弱，和各种社会心理挑战。这项随机对照研究旨在评估两种干预措施的效果，增稠剂和吞咽练习，精神上的幸福，身体活动,以及2019年10月至2020年8月急性住院期间吞咽困难的老年成年患者的幸福感。样本量计算采用保守估计方法，导致42名参与者的估计所需样本量。抽样方法是随机整群抽样方法，三个病房分配给增稠剂组，吞咽练习组和对照组，分别。使用1：1：1的分层随机分配将72名参与者分配到干预组（增稠剂或吞咽运动）或对照组。在干预前后收集数据，并使用t检验对匹配的样本进行分析，方差分析,和统计分析的广义估计方程。两个干预组均显示精神幸福感显着改善（p<0.001），身体活动（p<0.001），与对照组相比，幸福感（p<0.001）。然而,干预组之间无显著差异.我们的研究结果表明，涉及增稠剂和吞咽练习的干预措施对精神健康有积极影响，身体活动,以及急性住院期间吞咽困难的老年患者的幸福感，并强调实施这些干预措施对提高这一脆弱患者人群的整体健康和生活质量的重要性。
