PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The leaves of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae) are renowned in ethnobotany for their medicinal properties and are significant as a medicinal resource for traditional Brazilian communities. As necrotic spots are common on these leaves, indicating interaction with phytopathogenic fungi, it was hypothesized that biotrophic fungal species colonize the leaf tissues of S. erecta.
To test this hypothesis, we employed standard techniques in plant anatomy, which enabled us to investigate the interaction of fungal structures with plant tissues and describe the morphoanatomical and histochemical characteristics of the epidermis and limbus of S. erecta.
The anatomical analysis showed the existence of leaf teeth on the leaf tips. Additionally, hyphae, conidiospores, and spores of Bipolaris/Curvularia species were detected on the adaxial epidermis. Moreover, melanized microsclerotia were found in glandular areas of the leaf teeth and the phloem, providing evidence of biotrophic behavior. The hypothesis that biotrophic phytopathogenic fungi interact with S. erecta leaf tissues was confirmed, despite the presence of many bioactive compounds (such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential oils), as evidenced by histochemical analyses. The presence of tector, glandular, and scabiform trichomes on the leaf teeth and epidermis was also revealed. This study presents, for the first time, the synthesis of essential oils and alkaloids in the leaves of S. erecta. Additionally, it investigates previously unexplained aspects of the anatomy and histochemistry of the species, as well as its interaction with resident microorganisms. Therefore, it is recommended that future research focus on extracting and characterizing the oils and alkaloids of S. erecta, as well as exploring other aspects related to its microbiome and its relationship.
To test this hypothesis, we employed standard techniques in plant anatomy, which enabled us to investigate the interaction of fungal structures with plant tissues and describe the morphoanatomical and histochemical characteristics of the epidermis and limbus of S. erecta.
The anatomical analysis showed the existence of leaf teeth on the leaf tips. Additionally, hyphae, conidiospores, and spores of Bipolaris/Curvularia species were detected on the adaxial epidermis. Moreover, melanized microsclerotia were found in glandular areas of the leaf teeth and the phloem, providing evidence of biotrophic behavior. The hypothesis that biotrophic phytopathogenic fungi interact with S. erecta leaf tissues was confirmed, despite the presence of many bioactive compounds (such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential oils), as evidenced by histochemical analyses. The presence of tector, glandular, and scabiform trichomes on the leaf teeth and epidermis was also revealed. This study presents, for the first time, the synthesis of essential oils and alkaloids in the leaves of S. erecta. Additionally, it investigates previously unexplained aspects of the anatomy and histochemistry of the species, as well as its interaction with resident microorganisms. Therefore, it is recommended that future research focus on extracting and characterizing the oils and alkaloids of S. erecta, as well as exploring other aspects related to its microbiome and its relationship.
摘要：
■SerjaniaerettaRadlk（Sapindaceae）的叶子因其药用特性而在民族植物学中享有盛誉，并且作为传统巴西社区的药用资源具有重要意义。因为坏死斑点在这些叶子上很常见，表明与植物病原真菌的相互作用，据推测，生物营养真菌物种定植在S.eipta的叶片组织中。
■为了检验这一假设，我们采用了植物解剖学的标准技术，这使我们能够研究真菌结构与植物组织的相互作用，并描述了S.eripa的表皮和角膜缘的形态解剖和组织化学特征。
■解剖分析表明在叶尖上存在叶齿。此外,菌丝,分生孢子,并且在近轴表皮上检测到双极性菌/弯孢菌的孢子。此外，在叶齿和韧皮部的腺区发现了黑化的微菌核，提供生物营养行为的证据。证实了生物营养植物病原真菌与S.eipta叶组织相互作用的假设，尽管存在许多生物活性化合物(如类黄酮，生物碱，和精油），组织化学分析证明了这一点。泰克人的存在，腺体,叶齿和表皮上的鳞状毛状体也被发现。这项研究提出，第一次,在S.eipta的叶子中合成精油和生物碱。此外,它研究了该物种的解剖学和组织化学的先前无法解释的方面，以及它与常驻微生物的相互作用。因此,建议未来的研究集中在提取和表征S.eipta的油和生物碱，以及探索与其微生物组及其关系相关的其他方面。
■为了检验这一假设，我们采用了植物解剖学的标准技术，这使我们能够研究真菌结构与植物组织的相互作用，并描述了S.eripa的表皮和角膜缘的形态解剖和组织化学特征。
■解剖分析表明在叶尖上存在叶齿。此外,菌丝,分生孢子,并且在近轴表皮上检测到双极性菌/弯孢菌的孢子。此外，在叶齿和韧皮部的腺区发现了黑化的微菌核，提供生物营养行为的证据。证实了生物营养植物病原真菌与S.eipta叶组织相互作用的假设，尽管存在许多生物活性化合物(如类黄酮，生物碱，和精油），组织化学分析证明了这一点。泰克人的存在，腺体,叶齿和表皮上的鳞状毛状体也被发现。这项研究提出，第一次,在S.eipta的叶子中合成精油和生物碱。此外,它研究了该物种的解剖学和组织化学的先前无法解释的方面，以及它与常驻微生物的相互作用。因此,建议未来的研究集中在提取和表征S.eipta的油和生物碱，以及探索与其微生物组及其关系相关的其他方面。
