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Abstract：
Background Herpes zoster is a common viral infection caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) characterized by the presence of a segmental distribution of painful grouped vesicles on an erythematous base. It is associated with several complications like zoster-associated pain (ZAP), postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), pigmentary changes, scarring, secondary infections, and dermatosis as well as severe systemic complications. Aims/objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the various clinical and epidemiological patterns of herpes zoster and post-herpetic complications. Materials and methods We conducted a single-center observational cross-sectional study on 72 patients with herpes zoster and post-herpetic complications attending the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) to understand its various clinical and epidemiological patterns. A detailed history taking regarding the onset, progression, and complications of the disease, as well as the type, duration, and severity of pain, was taken, followed by a general physical, systemic, and cutaneous examination, along with investigations wherever needed. Results A total of 72 patients were included in the study, comprising 32 (44.4%) patients suffering from herpes zoster and 40 (55.5%) patients suffering from post-herpetic complaints. The minimum age was 14 years, the maximum age was 83 years, and the mean age in our study was 52 ± 17 years. The most commonly affected age group was 41-60 years. A total of 52 males and 22 females were included in the study, resulting in a male-to-female ratio of 2.3:1. The thoracic dermatome was the most commonly involved dermatome, observed in 43 (59.7%) patients, and the left side was more commonly affected, seen in 41 (56.9%) patients. Among the total 72 patients, 26 (36.1%) had co-morbidities, with hypertension (18%) being the most common, followed by diabetes mellitus (12.5%). Regarding the post-herpetic complaints encountered in our study, the most common was post-herpetic neuralgia, seen in 31 (77.5%) patients, followed by post-herpetic pigmentation (macular), observed in 22 (55%) patients, and scarring (papules, plaques, hypertrophic scar, and keloid), observed in 17 (42.5%) patients. Conclusion A broader understanding of the clinical and epidemiological factors of herpes zoster and post-herpetic complications is important as this disease constitutes a considerable burden in a tertiary care center and if not treated adequately, the after-effects might last for many years altogether. Hence, early diagnosis and initiation of adequate antiviral therapy as well as pain management is the key aspect of management.
摘要：
背景带状疱疹是一种常见的病毒感染，由水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）的再激活引起，其特征是在红斑基底上存在部分分布的疼痛性分组囊泡。它与几种并发症有关，如带状疱疹相关性疼痛（ZAP），带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN),色素变化,疤痕,继发感染,皮肤病以及严重的全身并发症。目的/目的研究的目的是分析带状疱疹和疱疹后并发症的各种临床和流行病学模式。材料和方法我们在皮肤科门诊部（OPD）就诊的72例带状疱疹和疱疹后并发症患者进行了单中心观察性横断面研究，以了解其各种临床和流行病学模式。关于发病的详细历史记录，programming,和疾病的并发症，以及类型，持续时间,和疼痛的严重程度，被带走了，接着是一般的身体，系统性，和皮肤检查，在需要的地方进行调查。结果共纳入72例患者,包括32名(44.4%)带状疱疹患者和40名(55.5%)疱疹后疾病患者。最低年龄为14岁,最大年龄为83岁,我们研究的平均年龄是52±17岁.最常见的年龄组是41-60岁。共有52名男性和22名女性被纳入研究，导致男女比例为2.3：1。胸部皮刀是最常见的皮刀，在43例(59.7%)患者中观察到，左侧更常见，41例（56.9%）患者。在总共72名患者中，26人（36.1%）有合并症，高血压（18%）是最常见的，其次是糖尿病(12.5%)。关于我们研究中遇到的疱疹后投诉，最常见的是带状疱疹后神经痛,31例（77.5%）患者，其次是疱疹后色素沉着（黄斑），在22名(55%)患者中观察到，和疤痕（丘疹，斑块,增生性瘢痕,和瘢痕疙瘩)，在17例（42.5%）患者中观察到。结论更广泛地了解带状疱疹和疱疹后并发症的临床和流行病学因素非常重要，因为这种疾病在三级护理中心构成了相当大的负担，如果治疗不当，后遗症可能会持续很多年。因此，早期诊断和开始适当的抗病毒治疗以及疼痛管理是管理的关键方面.
