PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The social determinants of ethnic disparities in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave of the pandemic in the UK remain unclear.
In May 2020, a total of 20 195 adults were recruited from the general population into the UK Biobank SARS-CoV-2 Serology Study. Between mid-May and mid-November 2020, participants provided monthly blood samples. At the end of the study, participants completed a questionnaire on social factors during different periods of the pandemic. Logistic regression yielded ORs for the association between ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies (indicating prior infection) using blood samples collected in July 2020, immediately after the first wave.
After exclusions, 14 571 participants (mean age 56; 58% women) returned a blood sample in July, of whom 997 (7%) had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seropositivity was strongly related to ethnicity: compared with those of White ethnicity, ORs (adjusted for age and sex) for Black, South Asian, Chinese, Mixed and Other ethnic groups were 2.66 (95% CI 1.94-3.60), 1.66 (1.15-2.34), 0.99 (0.42-1.99), 1.42 (1.03-1.91) and 1.79 (1.27-2.47), respectively. Additional adjustment for social factors reduced the overall likelihood ratio statistics for ethnicity by two-thirds (67%; mostly from occupational factors and UK region of residence); more precise measurement of social factors may have further reduced the association.
This study identifies social factors that are likely to account for much of the ethnic disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave in the UK, and highlights the particular relevance of occupation and residential region in the pathway between ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
In May 2020, a total of 20 195 adults were recruited from the general population into the UK Biobank SARS-CoV-2 Serology Study. Between mid-May and mid-November 2020, participants provided monthly blood samples. At the end of the study, participants completed a questionnaire on social factors during different periods of the pandemic. Logistic regression yielded ORs for the association between ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies (indicating prior infection) using blood samples collected in July 2020, immediately after the first wave.
After exclusions, 14 571 participants (mean age 56; 58% women) returned a blood sample in July, of whom 997 (7%) had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seropositivity was strongly related to ethnicity: compared with those of White ethnicity, ORs (adjusted for age and sex) for Black, South Asian, Chinese, Mixed and Other ethnic groups were 2.66 (95% CI 1.94-3.60), 1.66 (1.15-2.34), 0.99 (0.42-1.99), 1.42 (1.03-1.91) and 1.79 (1.27-2.47), respectively. Additional adjustment for social factors reduced the overall likelihood ratio statistics for ethnicity by two-thirds (67%; mostly from occupational factors and UK region of residence); more precise measurement of social factors may have further reduced the association.
This study identifies social factors that are likely to account for much of the ethnic disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave in the UK, and highlights the particular relevance of occupation and residential region in the pathway between ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
摘要：
背景：在英国第一波大流行期间，SARS-CoV-2感染风险的种族差异的社会决定因素仍不清楚。
方法：2020年5月，从普通人群中招募了20195名成年人进入英国生物库SARS-CoV-2血清学研究。在2020年5月中旬至11月中旬，参与者每月提供血液样本。在研究结束时,参与者完成了关于大流行不同时期社会因素的问卷.使用第一波后立即于2020年7月收集的血液样本，Logistic回归得出种族与SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G抗体（表明先前感染）之间关联的OR。
结果：排除后，14571名参与者（平均年龄56岁；58％的女性）在7月返回了血液样本，其中997人（7%）有SARS-CoV-2抗体。血清阳性与种族密切相关：与白人种族相比，黑人的OR（根据年龄和性别调整），南亚,中文,混合和其他种族为2.66（95%CI1.94-3.60），1.66(1.15-2.34),0.99（0.42-1.99），1.42（1.03-1.91）和1.79（1.27-2.47），分别。对社会因素的额外调整使种族的总体似然比统计数据减少了三分之二（67％；主要来自职业因素和英国居住地区）；对社会因素的更精确测量可能进一步减少了关联。
结论：这项研究确定了社会因素，这些因素可能是英国第一波SARS-CoV-2感染中许多种族差异的原因。并强调了职业和居住区在种族和SARS-CoV-2感染之间的途径中的特殊相关性。
方法：2020年5月，从普通人群中招募了20195名成年人进入英国生物库SARS-CoV-2血清学研究。在2020年5月中旬至11月中旬，参与者每月提供血液样本。在研究结束时,参与者完成了关于大流行不同时期社会因素的问卷.使用第一波后立即于2020年7月收集的血液样本，Logistic回归得出种族与SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G抗体（表明先前感染）之间关联的OR。
结果：排除后，14571名参与者（平均年龄56岁；58％的女性）在7月返回了血液样本，其中997人（7%）有SARS-CoV-2抗体。血清阳性与种族密切相关：与白人种族相比，黑人的OR（根据年龄和性别调整），南亚,中文,混合和其他种族为2.66（95%CI1.94-3.60），1.66(1.15-2.34),0.99（0.42-1.99），1.42（1.03-1.91）和1.79（1.27-2.47），分别。对社会因素的额外调整使种族的总体似然比统计数据减少了三分之二（67％；主要来自职业因素和英国居住地区）；对社会因素的更精确测量可能进一步减少了关联。
结论：这项研究确定了社会因素，这些因素可能是英国第一波SARS-CoV-2感染中许多种族差异的原因。并强调了职业和居住区在种族和SARS-CoV-2感染之间的途径中的特殊相关性。
