Abstract：
The nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), one of the hallmarks of eukaryotic nuclei, allow selective transport of macromolecules between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Besides this canonical function, an increasing number of additional roles have been attributed to the NPCs and their constituents, the nucleoporins. Here we review recent insights into the mechanisms by which NPCs and nucleoporins affect transcription and DNA repair in metazoans. In the first part, we discuss how gene expression can be affected by the localization of genome-nucleoporin interactions at pores or \"off-pores\", by the role of nucleoporins in chromatin organization at different scales, or by the physical properties of nucleoporins. In the second part, we review the contribution of NPCs to genome stability, including transport-dependent and -independent functions and the role of positioning at NPCs in the repair of heterochromatic breaks and the regulation of replication stress.
摘要：
核孔复合物（NPC），真核细胞的标志之一,允许在细胞质和细胞核之间选择性运输大分子。除了这个规范函数，越来越多的额外角色归因于NPC及其成员，核孔蛋白。在这里，我们回顾了NPC和核孔蛋白影响后生动物转录和DNA修复的机制的最新见解。在第一部分,我们讨论了基因表达如何受到基因组-核孔蛋白相互作用在孔或“孔外”的定位的影响，通过核孔蛋白在不同尺度的染色质组织中的作用，或核孔素的物理性质。在第二部分,我们回顾了NPC对基因组稳定性的贡献，包括依赖运输和不依赖运输的功能以及在NPC上定位在修复异色断裂和调节复制应激中的作用。
