Abstract：
This study examines the association between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and two psychological attributes, resilience and optimism, in first-time mothers, after controlling for demographic and motherhood-related characteristics. PTG, the self-examination triggered by life-changing events, contains five factors: (1) relating to others, (2) new possibilities, (3) personal strength, (4) spiritual change, and (5) appreciation of life. Outcomes from studies conflict on whether PTG is associated with the two psychological attributes of resilience (the ability to resume one\'s life after adversity) and optimism (viewing life in a positive light). This study used a cross-sectional design. A convenience sample of first-time mothers whose infants were between 3 months and 1 year (N = 415) completed questionnaires containing several standardized and reliable instruments including those measuring the independent variables of resilience and optimism, and the dependent variable of PTG. A STROBE checklist guided the reporting of this study. Resilience was associated with overall PTG and four of its five factors. Optimism also was associated with overall PTG but only associated with two of its five factors. PTG profiles and squared semipartial correlations indicated that resilience had the stronger association, compared to optimism, with PTG and most of its factors. Our study\'s findings on the strong link between resilience and PTG suggest the need for research examining the impact of specific psychosocial nursing activities (e.g., providing emotional support; assisting others to identify their own strengths; encouraging the mobilization of one\'s internal resources; furnishing needed resources and referrals; and supplying health education and information), as these activities may not only promote resilience but also may contribute to PTG.
摘要：
这项研究考察了创伤后成长(PTG)与两种心理属性之间的关系，韧性和乐观，在第一次做母亲的时候,在控制人口统计学和母亲相关特征后。PTG,改变生活的事件引发的自我检查，包含五个因素：(1)与他人有关，（2）新的可能性，（3）个人力量，（4）精神的改变，（5）欣赏生活。研究结果与PTG是否与恢复力（逆境后恢复生活的能力）和乐观（以积极的眼光看待生活）这两个心理属性有关。本研究采用横断面设计。婴儿在3个月至1岁之间（N=415）的首次母亲的便利样本完成了包含几种标准化和可靠工具的问卷，其中包括测量弹性和乐观度的自变量。和PTG的因变量。STROBE检查表指导了本研究的报告。弹性与总体PTG及其五个因素中的四个相关。乐观也与整体PTG相关，但仅与五个因素中的两个相关。PTG概况和平方半部分相关表明，复原力具有更强的关联，与乐观相比，PTG及其大部分因素。我们关于复原力和PTG之间的紧密联系的研究结果表明，需要研究检查特定心理社会护理活动的影响(例如，提供情感支持；协助他人识别自己的优势；鼓励动员自己的内部资源；提供所需的资源和转介；提供健康教育和信息），因为这些活动不仅可能促进复原力，而且可能有助于PTG。
