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Abstract：
Governments across the globe are increasingly implementing policies that encourage bystanders to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV) by intervening in violent or potentially violent situations. While a wealth of research examines the most effective mechanisms for increasing potential bystanders\' feelings of self-efficacy and rates of intervention, there is significantly less evidence demonstrating how effective bystander intervention is at preventing or interrupting IPV. This article thus presents a scoping review of the literature examining the experiences and outcomes of bystander intervention in IPV. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, six databases were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies published in English between 2001 and 2021. A total of 13 articles were ultimately included in the review. The review highlights that although current knowledge on the topic is highly limited, the combined findings of the studies indicate that immediate responses to bystander intervention are heavily context dependent: victims (and perpetrators) tend to react differently to bystander intervention depending on the type of intervention, the type of violence being used, and their relationship to the bystander. However, we have little to no understanding of the outcomes of bystander intervention, or how these outcomes might vary across different contexts. We argue that a more comprehensive understanding of the immediate and long-term implications of bystander intervention across different contexts is crucial if we are to maximize the effectiveness and minimize the potential for harm resulting from bystander interventions in IPV.
摘要：
全球各国政府越来越多地实施鼓励旁观者通过干预暴力或潜在暴力局势来防止亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的政策。虽然大量的研究检查了增加潜在旁观者的自我效能感和干预率的最有效机制，有明显较少的证据表明旁观者干预在预防或中断IPV方面有多有效.因此，本文对文献进行了范围审查，研究了旁观者干预IPV的经验和结果。在系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目之后，扩展范围审查指南，我们在6个数据库中搜索了2001年至2021年间以英文发表的相关同行评审研究.最终共有13篇文章被纳入审查。该评论强调，尽管当前对该主题的了解非常有限，这些研究的综合发现表明，对旁观者干预的即时反应在很大程度上取决于上下文:受害者(和肇事者)倾向于根据干预类型对旁观者干预的反应不同，使用的暴力类型，以及他们与旁观者的关系.然而,我们对旁观者干预的结果几乎没有了解，或者这些结果在不同的环境中可能如何变化。我们认为，如果我们要最大程度地提高效率并最大程度地减少IPV中旁观者干预造成的潜在危害，那么对不同背景下旁观者干预的直接和长期影响的更全面理解至关重要。
