Abstract：
As the collapse of the Western Roman Empire accelerated during the 4th and 5th centuries, arriving \"barbarian\" groups began to establish new communities in the border provinces of the declining (and eventually former) empire. This was a time of significant cultural and political change throughout not only these border regions but Europe as a whole.1,2 To better understand post-Roman community formation in one of these key frontier zones after the collapse of the Hunnic movement, we generated new paleogenomic data for a set of 38 burials from a time series of three 5th century cemeteries3,4,5 at Lake Balaton, Hungary. We utilized a comprehensive sampling approach to characterize these cemeteries along with data from 38 additional burials from a previously published mid-6th century site6 and analyzed them alongside data from over 550 penecontemporaneous individuals.7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 The range of genetic diversity in all four of these local burial communities is extensive and wider ranging than penecontemporaneous Europeans sequenced to date. Despite many commonalities in burial customs and demography, we find that there were substantial differences in genetic ancestry between the sites. We detect evidence of northern European gene flow into the Lake Balaton region. Additionally, we observe a statistically significant association between dress artifacts and genetic ancestry among 5th century genetically female burials. Our analysis shows that the formation of early Medieval communities was a multifarious process even at a local level, consisting of genetically heterogeneous groups.
摘要：
随着西罗马帝国在4世纪和5世纪加速崩溃，到达的“野蛮人”团体开始在衰落的（最终是前）帝国的边境省份建立新的社区。这是一个不仅在这些边境地区，而且在整个欧洲都发生了重大文化和政治变化的时代。1,2为了更好地了解匈牙利运动崩溃后这些关键边境地区之一的后罗马社区形成，我们从巴拉顿湖的三个5世纪墓地3,4,5的时间序列中产生了一组38个墓葬的新古基因组数据，匈牙利。我们采用了一种全面的采样方法来描述这些墓地的特征，以及先前发表的6世纪中叶遗址6的38个其他墓葬的数据，并与来自550多个古代个体的数据一起进行了分析。7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19所有四个这些地方墓葬社区的遗传多样性范围比迄今为止测序的欧洲古代时期广泛。尽管在墓葬习俗和人口学上有许多共性,我们发现两个位点之间的遗传祖先存在很大差异。我们检测到北欧基因流入巴拉顿湖地区的证据。此外,我们观察到，在5世纪遗传女性墓葬中，服饰文物与遗传血统之间存在统计学上的显着关联。我们的分析表明，即使在地方一级，早期中世纪社区的形成也是一个复杂的过程，由遗传异质性群体组成。
