Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date description and overview of the rapidly growing literature pertaining to techniques and clinical applications of chest wall and abdominal fascial plane blocks in managing perioperative pain.
RESULTS: Clinical evidence suggests that regional anesthesia blocks, including fascial plane blocks, such as pectoralis, serratus, erector spinae, transversus abdominis, and quadratus lumborum blocks, are effective in providing analgesia for various surgical procedures and have more desirable side effect profile when compared to traditional neuraxial techniques. They offer advantages such as reduced opioid consumption, improved pain control, and decreased opioid-related side effects. Further research is needed to establish optimal techniques and indications for these blocks. Presently, they are a vital instrument in a gamut of multimodal analgesia options, especially when there are contraindications to neuraxial or para-neuraxial procedures. Ultimately, clinical judgment and provider skill set determine which blocks-alone or in combination-should be offered to any patient.
RESULTS: Clinical evidence suggests that regional anesthesia blocks, including fascial plane blocks, such as pectoralis, serratus, erector spinae, transversus abdominis, and quadratus lumborum blocks, are effective in providing analgesia for various surgical procedures and have more desirable side effect profile when compared to traditional neuraxial techniques. They offer advantages such as reduced opioid consumption, improved pain control, and decreased opioid-related side effects. Further research is needed to establish optimal techniques and indications for these blocks. Presently, they are a vital instrument in a gamut of multimodal analgesia options, especially when there are contraindications to neuraxial or para-neuraxial procedures. Ultimately, clinical judgment and provider skill set determine which blocks-alone or in combination-should be offered to any patient.
摘要：
目的：这篇综述的目的是提供有关胸壁和腹部筋膜平面阻滞治疗围手术期疼痛的技术和临床应用的快速增长的文献的最新描述和概述。
结果：临床证据表明，区域麻醉阻滞，包括筋膜平面块，比如胸肌,锯齿,直立脊髓，腹横肌,和腰方块，在为各种外科手术提供镇痛方面是有效的，并且与传统的神经轴技术相比具有更理想的副作用。它们提供了减少阿片类药物消耗等优势，改善疼痛控制，和减少阿片类药物相关的副作用。需要进一步的研究来建立这些区块的最佳技术和适应症。目前,它们是多模式镇痛选择中的重要工具，尤其是当神经轴和旁神经轴术有禁忌症时。最终,临床判断和提供者技能组合决定了应向任何患者提供单独或组合的阻断。
结果：临床证据表明，区域麻醉阻滞，包括筋膜平面块，比如胸肌,锯齿,直立脊髓，腹横肌,和腰方块，在为各种外科手术提供镇痛方面是有效的，并且与传统的神经轴技术相比具有更理想的副作用。它们提供了减少阿片类药物消耗等优势，改善疼痛控制，和减少阿片类药物相关的副作用。需要进一步的研究来建立这些区块的最佳技术和适应症。目前,它们是多模式镇痛选择中的重要工具，尤其是当神经轴和旁神经轴术有禁忌症时。最终,临床判断和提供者技能组合决定了应向任何患者提供单独或组合的阻断。
